Table 2.
Effects of yogurt containing B. animalis subsp. lactis and arginine on blood parameters.
| Bifal + Arg Mean (SEM) |
Placebo Mean (SEM) |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Week 0 | Week 12 | Change | Week 0 | Week 12 | Change | |
| White blood cell count, μL | 6315 (316) | 5945 (326) | −370 (307) | 5641 (347) | 5352 (240) | −123 (395) |
| Erythrocyte count, 104/μL | 482.7(11.7) | 478.6 (10.9) | −4.1 (5.1) | 479.6(12.1) | 470.5 (11.5) † | −9.1 (3.2) |
| Hemoglobin, g/dL | 14.0 (0.44) | 14.0 (0.4) | −0.01 (0.24) | 13.9 (0.4) | 13.6 (0.38) † | −0.32 (0.12) |
| Hematocrit, % | 43.5 (1.1) | 43.4 (1.1) | −0.04 (0.5) | 42.8 (0.9) | 42.4 (0.98) | −0.44 (0.34) |
| Platelet count, 104/μL | 27.9 (1.4) | 25.6 (1.1) *,†† | −2.2 (0.6) # | 27.7 (1.0) | 28.4 (1.0) * | +0.7 (0.5) # |
| Blood glucose level. mg/dL | 89.17(2.92) | 87.6 (2.2) | −1.56 (2.24) | 92.31 (3.5) | 91.13 (3.54) | +0.07 (2.59) |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 197.2 (6.6) * | 196.3(6.0) ** | −0.9 (4.4 | 223.8 (9.1) * | 223.1(7.8) ** | −0.7 (5.3) |
| Triglyceride, mg/dL | 129.3(15.0) | 103.9(12.9) † | −25.4 (10.5) | 104.8 (15.7) | 125.1 (22.3) | +0.6 (8.0) |
| HDL-cholesterol, mg/dL | 57.4 (3.3) | 60.4 (3.4) † | +3.0 (1.2) | 54.4 (3.1) | 55.6 (3.1) | +1.21 (1.8) |
| LDL-cholesterol, mg/dL | 121.7 (6.9) | 119.7 (6.3) | −2.0 (3.5) | 129.2 (10.5) | 131.1 (9.3) | +1.9 (4.3) |
| NO2/NO3, mM | N.T. | 21.3 (1.5) | N.T. | N.T. | 24.5 (2.1) | N.T |
| TNF-a, mM | N.T. | 0.552 (0.03) | N.T. | N.T. | 0.617 (0.05) | N.T. |
| IL-1, mM | N.T. | 0.046 (0.01) | N.T. | N.T. | 0.039 (0.01) | N.T. |
All data are represented as mean ± SEM. Means are average of all obtained data; relative changes are calculated from data excluding outliers. Comparisons at week 0 and week 12 between the Bifal + Arg YG and placebo groups were tested by Student’s t-test (* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01). Intra-group comparisons at week 0 and at week 12 were tested using the paired t-test († p < 0.05, †† p < 0.01). Comparisons of change value between the Bifal + Arg YG and placebo groups were tested by two-way ANOVA (# p < 0.05). All baseline × change interactions are shown in Supplementary Table S2. N.T., not test. All p-values of difference are shown in Supplementary Table S1.