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. 2019 Jun 7;14:1027–1038. doi: 10.2147/CIA.S197146

Table 2.

Characteristics between elderly patients receiving MV with VAP and without VAP

Patient characteristics VAP(N=156) NVAP(N=745) χ2/Z p
Gender 1.591 0.207
 Male 136(18.0) 619(82.0)
 Female 20(13.7) 126(86.3)
Disorder of consciousness 3.806 0.051
 Yes 58(21.0) 218(79.0)
 No 98(15.7) 527(84.3)
Smoking 0.090 0.764
 Yes 64(17.8) 296(82.2)
 No 92(17.0) 449(83.0)
Alcohol consumption 1.028 0.311
 Yes 45(15.5) 246(84.5)
 No 111(18.2) 499(81.8)
Nutritional status 1.301 0.522
 Poor 26(17.0) 127(83.0)
 Moderate 86(18.6) 376(81.4)
 Good 44(15.4) 242(84.6)
Surgery 5.018 0.025
 Yes 73(20.9) 277(79.1)
 No 83(15.1) 468(84.9)
ICU admission 9.594 0.002
 Yes 101(21.0) 381(79.0)
 No 55(13.1) 364(86.9)
Underlying diseases
 Hypertension 83(19.1) 352(80.9) 1.833 0.176
 Diabetes 27(14.4) 161(85.6) 1.446 0.229
 COPD 45(22.6) 154(77.4) 5.009 0.025
 Respiratory failure 32(13.3) 209(86.7) 3.744 0.053
 Heart dysfunction 44(14.9) 252(85.1) 1.847 0.174
 Brain infarction 47(19.9) 189(80.1) 1.511 0.219
 Malignancy 41(16.7) 204(83.3) 0.014 0.907
 Renal insufficiency 29(15.7) 156(84.3) 0.305 0.581
Origin of patients
 Internal medicine 59(12.9) 397(87.1) 13.519 0.009
 Surgery 10(18.9) 43(81.1)
 Emergency department 1(11.1) 8(88.9)
 ICU 85(22.5) 293(77.5)
 Others 1(20.0) 4(80.0)
Hospitalization length of stay 120(9,2,535) 70(4,1,607) −4.677 <0.01
ICU length of stay 25(0,1,263) 4(0,1,548) −4.938 <0.01
Duration of catheters(days)
Central venous catheter
 0–90 90(15.3) 498(84.7) 4.767 0.029
 >90 66(21.1) 247(78.9)
Indwelling urinary catheter
 0–90 92(13.6) 582(86.4) 25.090 <0.001
 >90 64(28.2) 163(71.8)
Number of catheters
Central venous catheter
 0–2 118(15.2) 660(84.8) 18.350 <0.001
 >2 38(30.9) 85(69.1)
Indwelling urinary catheter
 0–2 112(14.7) 651(85.3) 0.839 0.360
 >2 44(19.3) 184(80.7)

Note: Data are shown as number (percentage) or median (min and max).

Abbreviations: ICU, intensive care unit; MV, mechanical ventilation; NVAP, non-ventilator-associated pneumonia; VAP, ventilator-associated pneumonia.