Table 1.
Sample characteristics by gender.
| Total | Male | Female | p-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 2536 | n = 1275 | n = 1261 | ||
| Age (years) | 39.4 (11.1) | 38.8 (10.6) | 40.1 (11.6) | 0.004 |
| Education | <0.001 | |||
| Low | 251 (9.9%) | 94 (7.4%) | 157 (12.5%) | |
| Medium | 707 (27.9%) | 388 (30.5%) | 319 (25.3%) | |
| High | 1576 (62.2%) | 791 (62.1%) | 785 (62.3%) | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 29.0 (5.6) | 28.4 (5.0) | 29.6 (6.1) | <0.001 |
| BMI categories | <0.001 | |||
| Normal | 603 (23.8%) | 316 (24.8%) | 287 (22.8%) | |
| Overweight | 944 (37.2%) | 543 (42.6%) | 401 (31.8%) | |
| Obese | 989 (39.0%) | 416 (32.6%) | 573 (45.4%) | |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 89.2 (13.5) | 93.5 (12.4) | 84.8 (13.2) | <0.001 |
| ABSI z score | 0.0 (1.0) | 0.7 (0.7) | −0.7 (0.7) | <0.001 |
| Total mass (kg) | 79.3 (16.3) | 84.3 (15.2) | 73.5 (15.7) | <0.001 |
| Total fat (kg) | 30.9 (10.7) | 28.6 (10.3) | 33.4 (10.6) | <0.001 |
| Trunk fat (kg) | 16.2 (6.4) | 16.2 (6.6) | 16.2 (6.2) | 0.90 |
| Visceral fat (kg) | 1.0 (0.7) | 1.3 (0.8) | 0.8 (0.5) | <0.001 |
| Leisure time physical activity (MET hours/week) | 18.2 (38.6) | 22.4 (45.3) | 13.9 (29.8) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes (%) | 413 (16.3%) | 191 (15.0%) | 222 (17.6%) | 0.073 |
The data are presented as mean (SD) for continuous measures and n (%) for categorical measures.