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. 2019 May 20;20(10):2481. doi: 10.3390/ijms20102481

Figure 1.

Figure 1

The effects of phloretin on osteoblast differentiation and mineralization in marrow stromal ST2 cells. (A) After reaching confluence, ST2 cells were incubated in osteoblast differentiation medium with 0, 10, 50, and 100 µM phloretin, and von Kossa staining and Alizarin red staining were performed at day 14. The results are representative of three different experiments. (B–K) After reaching confluence, the cells were incubated in osteoblast differentiation medium with 0–100 µM phloretin. The mRNA expression of osteoblast differentiation markers (Alp, Col-1, Ocn, Runx2, and Osx) was examined on day 3 and day 5 by real-time PCR. The results are expressed as mean ± SE (n ≥ 7). * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001. Phl; phloretin.