| BMSC | bone marrow stromal cells |
| GLUT | glucose transporter |
| Runx2 | runt-related transcription factor 2 |
| PI3K | phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase |
| BMP-2 | bone morphogenetic protein 2 |
| ALP | alkaline phosphatase |
| Col-1 | type 1 collagen |
| OCN | osteocalcin |
| Osx | osterix |
| PPARγ | peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ |
| C/EBPα | CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α |
| FAS | fatty acid synthase |
| FABP4 | fatty acid binding protein 4 |
| APN | adiponectin. |