Table 4.
Mean values of daily equivalent frequency consumption for the 22 food categories by salty and sweet taste sensitivity level.
Items | Daily Equivalent Frequency | Daily Equivalent Frequency | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
p value | Salty Taste Sensitivity Level | p value | Sweet Taste Sensitivity Level | |||||
Hyper | Normal | Hypo | Hyper | Normal | Hypo | |||
Cereal and cereal-derived products (e.g., pasta, rice, barley, spelt) |
0.07 | 1.67 | 1.33 | 2.23 | 0.88 | 1.92 | 1.58 | 1.49 |
Salty baked products (e.g., bread, pizza, focaccia) |
0.007 | 0.99 b | 1.45 ab | 1.99 a | 0.69 | 1.37 | 1.12 | 1.40 |
Bakery products (e.g., bakery and breakfast cereals, biscuits, croissants) |
0.04 | 0.76 b | 1.39 a | 1.42 a | 0.48 | 1.12 | 1.34 | 0.94 |
Meats | 0.98 | 0.50 | 0.51 | 0.49 | 0.85 | 0.48 | 0.54 | 0.50 |
Cured meats | 0.64 | 0.36 | 0.40 | 0.31 | 0.09 | 0.27 | 0.48 | 0.37 |
Fish | 0.16 | 0.41 | 0.28 | 0.43 | 0.35 | 0.39 | 0.28 | 0.39 |
Milk and yoghurts | 0.47 | 0.84 | 0.75 | 1.11 | 0.27 | 0.75 | 0.61 | 1.04 |
Dairy products | 0.32 | 0.51 | 0.79 | 0.79 | 0.19 | 0.52 | 0.62 | 0.86 |
Eggs | 0.22 | 0.34 | 0.23 | 0.29 | 0.72 | 0.33 | 0.27 | 0.30 |
Vegetables | 0.41 | 1.80 | 1.85 | 2.40 | 0.08 | 2.62 | 1.72 | 1.71 |
Legumes | 0.05 | 0.36 b | 0.67a | 0.41 ab | 0.03 | 0.69 a | 0.41 ab | 0.35 b |
Potatoes | 0.20 | 0.35 | 0.58 | 0.47 | 0.65 | 0.49 | 0.35 | 0.41 |
Fruit | 0.22 | 1.65 | 1.84 | 2.42 | 0.79 | 2.07 | 1.78 | 1.78 |
Fruit juices | 0.31 | 0.22 | 0.43 | 0.48 | 0.80 | 0.40 | 0.26 | 0.36 |
Nuts | 0.27 | 0.23 | 0.45 | 0.36 | 0.76 | 0.33 | 0.22 | 0.33 |
Sweets and desserts (e.g., cakes, ice creams, chocolate) |
0.53 | 0.60 | 0.86 | 0.78 | 0.02 | 0.32 b | 0.98 a | 0.87 a |
Fats | 0.05 | 0.26 b | 0.22 b | 0.45 a | 0.18 | 0.19 | 0.35 | 0.34 |
Oils | 0.47 | 1.99 | 1.54 | 1.72 | 0.87 | 1.83 | 1.94 | 1.74 |
Salty snacks (e.g., chips, salty peanuts) |
0.23 | 0.22 | 0.22 | 0.35 | 0.23 | 0.17 | 0.27 | 0.30 |
Alcoholic beverages | 0.21 | 0.49 | 0.29 | 0.31 | 0.18 | 0.30 | 0.56 | 0.35 |
Soft drinks | 0.007 | 0.26 b | 1.13 a | 0.16 b | 0.82 | 0.59 | 0.39 | 0.38 |
Candies and gums | 0.82 | 0.63 | 0.54 | 0.78 | 0.32 | 0.82 | 0.81 | 0.40 |
Significant p-values are shown in bold. Different letters indicate significant differences according to Bonferroni’s post hoc test.