AD-MSCs	adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells
ARD	absolute risk difference
BMD	bone mineral density
BM-MSC	bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell
BMP	bone morphogenetic protein
BP	bisphosphonate
CI	confidence interval
DKK	dickkopf
ES	embryonic stem
FDA	US Food and Drug Administration
iPS	induced pluripotent stem
iPSC-MSCs	iPS cell-derived MSCs
LRP	lipoprotein receptor-related protein
MSCs	mesenchymal stem cells
OR	odds ratio
OPG	osteoprotegerin
PTH	parathyroid hormone
RCT	randomized controlled trial
RR	relative risk
Runx2	runt-related transcription factor 2
RANKL	receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand
SERM	selective estrogen receptor modulator
siRNA	small interfering RNA
WMD	weighted mean differences