Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of elderly patients with rib fractures
| Total N = 191 (%) |
Patients with delirium N = 47 (%) | Patients without delirium N = 144 (%) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (median in years, IQR) | 78 (72–86) | 83 (77–89) | 77 (71–85) | 0.004 |
| Gender (male, %) | 107 (56.0) | 28 (59.6) | 79 (54.9) | 0.57 |
| Body Mass Index (median, IQR)a | 25.3 (23.1–29.2) | 25.5 (21.9–29.1) | 25.2 (23.3–29.2) | 0.58 |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Charlson Comorbidity Index (median, IQR) | 5 (3–6) | 5 (4–6) | 4 (3–6) | 0.020 |
| Previous rib fractures | 6 (3.1) | 1 (2.1) | 5 (3.5) | 1.00 |
| History of delirium | 23 (12.0) | 10 (21.3) | 13 (9.0) | 0.025 |
| Cognitive impairment | 23 (12.0) | 8 (17.0) | 15 (10.4) | 0.23 |
| Cardiac | 75 (39.3) | 20 (42.6) | 55 (38.2) | 0.60 |
| Pulmonary | 48 (25.1) | 12 (25.5) | 36 (25.0) | 0.94 |
| Neurologic | 58 (30.4) | 18 (38.3) | 40 (27.8) | 0.17 |
| Renal | 17 (8.9) | 6 (12.8) | 11 (7.6) | 0.37 |
| Osteoporosis | 14 (7.3) | 2 (4.3) | 12 (8.3) | 0.52 |
| Diabetes | 39 (20.4) | 10 (21.3) | 29 (20.1) | 0.87 |
| Hypertension | 77 (40.3) | 21 (44.7) | 56 (38.9) | 0.48 |
| Hypercholesterolaemia | 12 (6.3) | 2 (4.3) | 10 (6.9) | 0.73 |
| Malignancy | 39 (20.4) | 11 (23.4) | 28 (19.4) | 0.56 |
| Sensory impairment | ||||
| Hearing impairment | 61 (31.9) | 17 (36.2) | 44 (30.6) | 0.47 |
| Visual impairment | 63 (33.0) | 19 (40.4) | 44 (30.6) | 0.21 |
| Nutritional status | ||||
| SNAQ – RC (median, IQR)a | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–1.25) | 0 (0–0) | 0.016 |
| Undernourishment (SNAQ-RC ≥ 2) | 24 (13.0) | 11 (23.9) | 13 (9.4) | 0.011 |
| Physical status | ||||
| KATZ-ADL score (median, IQR)a | 6 (4–6) | 5 (3–6) | 6 (5–6) | 0.007 |
| Physical impairment (KATZ-ADL < 6) | 71 (38.4) | 25 (53.2) | 46 (33.3) | 0.016 |
| Intoxications | ||||
| Alcohol consumptionb | 80 (55.9) | 21 (56.8) | 59 (55.7) | 0.91 |
| Active smokerb | 21 (14.6) | 7 (19.4) | 14 (13.0) | 0.34 |
| History of smokingb | 87 (64.4) | 25 (71.4) | 62 (62.0) | 0.32 |
a Missing data < 5%; b Missing data 25–30%