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mRNA expression of PPF/PBMC co-cultures in monolayer and transwell over time. Relative mRNA expression (mean and standard deviation, normalized to housekeeping gene EF 1 α) of MCSF (A), TNFα (B), RANK-L, and OPG (C) over time (day 0, 13, 20) of co-cultures of PBMCs and PPFs in monolayer (ML, n = 10) and transwell (TW, n = 10) culture systems. Significance of differences between monolayer and transwell co-cultures is indicated with * (p ≤ 0.05), ** (p ≤ 0.01), *** (p ≤ 0.001).
