Table 3.
Learning data for blind bedside postpyloric placement of spiral tube.
| Variables | Group A |
Group B |
Group C |
P value |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A(1–43) | A1 (1–20) | A2 (21–43) | B (1–42) | B1 (1–20) | B2 (21–42) | C (1–42) | C1 (1–20) | C2 (21–42) | A vs. B vs. C | A1 vs. A2 | B1 vs. B2 | C1 vs. C2 | |
| Success rate of placement, n (%) | |||||||||||||
| Postpyloric | 35 (81.4) | 15 (75.0) | 20 (87.0) | 34 (81.0) | 13 (65.0) | 21 (95.5) | 35 (83.3) | 16 (80.0) | 19 (86.4) | 0.9555 | 0.4396 | 0.0182 | 0.6909 |
| D3 or beyond | 18 (41.9) | 7 (35.0) | 11 (47.8) | 28 (66.7) | 11 (55.0) | 17 (77.3) | 24 (57.1) | 10 (50.0) | 14 (63.6) | 0.1091 | 0.5670 | 0.0513 | 0.7578 |
| Proximal jejunum | 12 (27.9) | 4 (20.0) | 8 (34.8) | 22 (52.4) | 9 (45.0) | 13 (59.1) | 9 (21.4) | 3 (15.0) | 6 (27.3) | 0.0177 | 0.4641 | 0.0498 | 0.6786 |
| Time to insertion, min | 12 (10–15) | 15 (12–17) | 10 (8–15) | 13 (10–15) | 15 (12–18) | 10 (9–15) | 15 (10–16) | 15 (14–20) | 14 (10–15) | 0.3224 | 0.0022 | 0.0030 | 0.0029 |
| Length of insertion, cm | 94.5 ± 9.9 | 92.3 ± 9.7 | 96.5 ± 9.9 | 97.5 ± 9.2 | 93.3 ± 9.9 | 101.4 ± 6.6 | 94.9 ± 8.7 | 93.3 ± 7.9 | 95.9 ± 9.3 | 0.2359 | 0.1456 | 0.0077 | 0.4342 |
| Number of oesophageal attempts | 1.1 (0.2) | 1.1 (0.2) | 1.0 (0.2) | 1.1 (0.4) | 1.2 (0.4) | 1.1 (0.3) | 1.1 (0.3) | 1.1 (0.2) | 1.1 (0.3) | 0.2652 | 0.9203 | 0.3188 | 0.6115 |
| Number of gastric attempts | 1.0 (0) | 1.0 (0) | 1.0 (0) | 1.0 (0) | 1.0 (0) | 1.0 (0) | 1.0 (0.2) | 1.0 (0.2) | 1.0 (0) | 0.3635 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.2943 |
| Number of postpyloric attempts | 1.3 (0.5) | 1.5 (0.5) | 1.22 (0.4) | 1.5 (0.6) | 1.7 (0.7) | 1.3 (0.5) | 1.5 (0.6) | 1.6 (07) | 1.4 (0.6) | 0.4220 | 0.1086 | 0.0476 | 0.3542 |
| MATEs, n (%) | 13 (30.2) | 8 (45.0) | 5 (21.7) | 10 (23.8) | 8 (40.0) | 2 (9.1) | 6 (14.3) | 5 (25.0) | 1 (4.6) | 0.2122 | 0.3184 | 0.0296 | 0.0866 |
| Requirement of sedatives or analgesics during procedure | 6 (14.0) | 4 (20.0) | 2 (8.7) | 4 (9.5) | 3 (15.0) | 1 (4.6) | 4 (9.5) | 3 (15.0) | 1 (4.6) | 0.8240 | 0.3929 | 0.3327 | 0.3327 |
| Vital signs alert ratea | 8 (18.6) | 4 (25.0) | 4 (17.4) | 6 (14.3) | 5 (25.0) | 1 (4.6) | 1 (2.4) | 1 (5.0) | 0 (0) | 0.0466 | 1.0 | 0.0866 | 0.4762 |
Quantitative data are presented as mean ± standard deviation or median (interquartile range) as appropriate, qualitative data are presented as n (%)
D3, the third portion of the duodenum; MATEs, major adverse tube-associated events.
aA vital signs event was defined as heart rate, respiratory rate or mean arterial pressure fluctuating beyond the range of ±15%, or pulse oxygen saturation declining to less than 90%.
The subjects of intensivists A, B and C were divided into groups A, B and C, respectively. Groups A1, B1 and C1 represent the first 20 cases of groups A, B and C; and A2, B2 and C2 represent the remaining cases of groups A, B and C.