Table 2.

Summary of Aston Team Performance Inventory (ATPI) scales

Element	Dimension	Items, n	Component description
Team inputs	Task design	11	Autonomy, task relevance, complete task, feedback, task interdependence
	Team effort and skills	8	Team member motivation, appropriateness of skills, team potency
	Organisational support	11	Information and communication, training for teamworking, climate for teamworking
	Resources	4	Resources provided to the team
Team processes	Objectives	3	Clarity of, commitment to and agreement about team objectives
	Reflexivity	4	Reflection on performance
	Participation	7	Decision-making processes, communication, regular meetings, trust, safety and support
	Task focus	6	Concern with quality, service user focus, constructive debate about task performance and error management
	Team conflict	5	Task-related and interpersonal conflict
	Creativity and innovation	3	Practical support for new and improved products and services, and climate for creativity and innovation
Leadership processes	Leading	4	Extent to which the team leader sets direction, acquires resources and supports innovation
	Managing	8	Extent to which team leader guides teams towards effective processes, monitors performance, gives helpful feedback, encourages interteam working, and recognises and rewards performance
	Coaching	5	Availability, concern for individual team members, encouragement and support, and encourages learning from error
Team outputs	Team member satisfaction	6	Team member satisfaction with recognition for contribution, responsibility, team member support, influence over decisions, team openness and how conflicts are resolved
	Attachment	3	Feeling of attachment to team and its members
	Team effectiveness	3	Managerial praise, goal achievement
	Interteam relationships	5	Cooperation, and lack of conflict, with other teams
	Team innovation	4	Development of new products, services and ways of working