Table 1.
Exosomal lncRNAs associated with human diseases
| LncRNA | Disease type | Biological function | Reference | |
| LincRNA-VLDLR | Hepatocellular carcinoma | Promotes drug resistance by upregulating the expression of ATP-binding cassette, sub-family G member 2 (ABCG2) | Takahashi et al., 2014b | |
| LncRNA-ARSR | Renal cell carcinoma | Acts as a competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) for miR-34 and miR-449, and promotes sunitinib resistance in renal cell carcinoma | Qu et al., 2016 | |
| LncRNA-BLACAT1 | Colorectal cancer | Diagnosis biomarker | Dai et al., 2017 | |
| LncRNA FAL1 | Hepatocellular carcinoma | Acts as a ceRNA to promote cell proliferation and migration | Li BG et al., 2018 | |
| LncRNA HOTAIR | Bladder cancer/laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma/glioblastoma multiform | Facilitates tumor initiation and progression, promotes tumor migration and invasion, and serves as a biomarker | Berrondo et al., 2016; Tan et al., 2018 | |
| LncRNA HOTTIP | Gastric cancer | Diagnostic and prognostic biomarker | Zhao et al., 2018 | |
| LncRNA Camk-A | Pancreatic cancer/breast cancer | Involved in regulating CaM kinase and inducing the remodeling of tumor microenvironment through nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling | Sang et al., 2018 | |
| LncRNA BCAR4 | Breast cancer | Involved in Yes-associated protein (YAP)-dependent glycolysis, thereby reprogramming glucose metabolism | Zheng et al., 2017 | |
| LncRNA-ROR | Hepatocellular carcinoma | Enhances sorafenib or doxorubicin resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells | Takahashi et al., 2014a | |
| LncRNA RP11-838N2.4 | Non-small cell lung cancer | Enhances erlotinib resistance of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells | Zhang et al., 2018 | |
| LncRNA-SNHG14 | Breast cancer | Promotes trastuzumab chemoresistance | Dong et al., 2018 | |