Fig 4. Integrin activation rate enhances clustering and ligand binding.

(A) Average percentage of clustered integrins as a function of activation rate, k_a, by varying ligand binding affinity, E_IL, and keeping E_II = 5 k_BT. (B) Corresponding average percentage of ligand-bound integrins. Data are computed between 10–200 s of simulations from three independent runs. Error bars indicate standard deviation from the mean.