Table 1.
Baseline characteristics for patients
| All Patients (N=256) | Patients Remained at Week 11 (N=180) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reflexology N=128 n (%) | Control N=128 n (%) | Reflexology N=89 n (%) | Control N=91 n (%) | p valuea | |
| Metastatic cancer | |||||
| No | 48 (37.5) | 47 (36.7) | 37 (41.6) | 35 (38.5) | 0.670 |
| Yes | 80 (62.5) | 81 (63.3) | 52 (58.4) | 56 (61.5) | |
| Recurrent cancer | |||||
| No | 87 (68.0) | 93 (72.7) | 60 (67.4) | 67 (73.6) | 0.361 |
| Yes | 41 (32.0) | 35 (27.3) | 29 (32.6) | 24 (26.4) | |
| Therapy treatment | |||||
| Chemo/hormonal therapy | 105 (82.0) | 105 (82.0) | 70 (78.7) | 70 (76.9) | 0.780 |
| Hormonal therapy only | 23 (18.0) | 23 (18.0) | 19 (21.3) | 21 (23.1) | |
| Race | |||||
| White | 105 (82.7) | 107 (84.3) | 74 (84.1) | 79 (87.8) | 0.772 b,c |
| Black or African American | 13 (10.2) | 13 (10.2) | 8 (9.1) | 6 (6.7) | |
| Other | 9 (7.1) | 7 (5.5) | 6 (6.8) | 5 (5.6) | |
| Marital status | |||||
| Never married | 14 (10.9) | 13 (10.2) | 6 (6.7) | 7 (7.7) | 0.960 |
| Married | 89 (69.5) | 87 (68.0) | 65 (73.0) | 65 (71.4) | |
| Divorced/separated/widowed | 25 (19.5) | 28 (21.9) | 18 (20.2) | 19 (20.9) | |
| Relationship to caregiver | |||||
| Spouse or partner | 70 (54.7) | 71 (55.5) | 53 (59.6) | 52 (57.1) | 0.405 |
| Child or stepchild | 21 (16.4) | 21 (16.4) | 16 (18.0) | 13 (14.3) | |
| Friend | 11 (8.6) | 17 (13.3) | 6 (6.7) | 13 (14.3) | |
| Other | 26 (20.3) | 19 (14.8) | 14 (15.7) | 13 (14.3) | |
| Employment | |||||
| Employed (full/part-time) | 38 (29.7) | 50 (39.4) | 29 (32.6) | 32 (35.6) | 0.691 d |
| Retired | 40 (31.2) | 29 (22.8) | 30 (33.7) | 25 (27.8) | |
| Other | 50 (39.1) | 48 (37.8) | 30 (33.7) | 33 (36.7) | |
| Education | |||||
| High school degree/some HS | 29 (22.8) | 29 (22.7) | 20 (22.7) | 15 (16.5) | 0.478 d |
| Some college/2-year degree | 35 (27.6) | 38 (29.7) | 23 (26.1) | 29 (31.9) | |
| 4-year college graduate | 30 (23.6) | 33 (25.8) | 20 (22.7) | 26 (28.6) | |
| More than 4-year degree | 33 (26.0) | 28 (21.9) | 25 (28.4) | 21 (23.1) | |
|
| |||||
| Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | p value e | |
|
| |||||
| Age, years | 58.1 (11.6) | 54.8 (10.3) | 59.0 (11.0) | 55.7 (10.5) | 0.042 |
| Number of comorbid conditions | 4.4 (2.9) | 4.4 (3.0) | 4.6 (3.0) | 4.7 (3.1) | 0.814 |
| MDASI symptom severity | 44.5 (24.4) | 42.5 (22.6) | 41.4 (24.8) | 40.7 (21.8) | 0.846 |
| MDASI symptom interference | 22.3 (16.0) | 22.5 (15.7) | 20.1 (16.1) | 20.3 (14.6) | 0.955 |
| PROMIS physical function | 41.2 (7.6) | 41.2 (8.1) | 42.3 (7.0) | 42.0 (8.1) | 0.805 |
| Quality of life index | 21.7 (4.3) | 21.1 (4.7) | 22.3 (4.3) | 21.4 (4.7) | 0.169 |
|
| |||||
| Median (IQR) | Median (IQR) | Median (IQR) | Median (IQR) | p value f | |
|
| |||||
| Absolute absenteeism in past 7 days | 0 (0, 20) | 5 (0, 20) | 0 (4, 10) | 4 (0, 20) | 0.270 |
| Relative absenteeism in past 7 days | 0 (0, 0) | 0 (0, 0) | 0 (0, 0) | 0 (0, 0) | 0.141 |
| Absolute presenteeism in past 7 days | 80 (70, 90) | 80 (70, 90) | 80 (65, 90) | 80 (60, 90) | 0.833 |
| Relative presenteeism in past 7 days | 1 (1, 1) | 1 (1, 1) | 1 (1, 1) | 1 (1, 1) | 0.347 |
MDASI = M.D. Anderson Symptom Inventory; PROMIS = Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System; MSPSS = Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support; SD = standard deviation; IQR = interquartile range (25th, 75th quantile).
a.
Based on Chi-squared test
b.
Data missing for two patients
c.
Based on Fisher exact test
d.
Data missing for one patient
e.
Based on t-test with unequal variance
f.
Based on Wilcoxon rank-sum test