Table 5.
Sex of the child | Place of residence | Mother’s education | Household wealth | ||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Female | Urban | Primary+ | Richest | ||||||||||||||||
n | G | mean(y) | mean | b | c | %Gini | mean | b | c | %Gini | mean | b | c | %Gini | mean | b | c | %Gini | |
Angola 2015–16 | 3514 | −.047 | −3.61 | .49 | −.31 | −.31 | 28 | .58 | −.20 | −.32 | 22 | .38 | −.06 | −.42 | 6 | .32 | −.35 | −.66 | 44 |
Benin 2011–12 | 3168 | −.033 | − 3.61 | .47 | −.21 | −.24 | 19 | .41 | .12 | −.20 | 0 | .17 | −.23 | −.75 | 23 | .34 | −.35 | −.63 | 58 |
Burkina Faso 2010 | 3824 | −.035 | −3.26 | .49 | −.12 | −.27 | 13 | .16 | −.01 | −.69 | 1 | .07 | −.24 | −.84 | 13 | .32 | −.38 | −.68 | 73 |
Burundi 2016–17 | 3079 | −.027 | − 3.51 | .48 | −.08 | −.20 | 9 | .10 | .32 | .18 | 6 | .26 | −.30 | −.69 | 59 | .33 | −.18 | −.42 | 26 |
Cameroon 2011 | 3037 | −.030 | −3.31 | .49 | −.09 | −.13 | 6 | .42 | −.13 | −.47 | 25 | .46 | −.23 | −.53 | 55 | .32 | −.08 | −.56 | 14 |
Chad 2014–15 | 4669 | −.031 | −3.11 | .47 | −.20 | −.39 | 37 | .21 | .05 | .08 | 1 | .17 | −.41 | −.83 | 61 | .33 | .02 | .13 | 1 |
Comoros 2012 | 758 | −.051 | −3.72 | .50 | −.12 | −.19 | 6 | .26 | −.59 | −.72 | 57 | .35 | −.36 | −.49 | 33 | .36 | .32 | .06 | 4 |
Congo 2011–12 | 2306 | −.037 | −3.75 | .50 | −.45 | −.50 | 81 | .61 | .18 | .08 | 7 | .72 | .04 | .08 | 2 | .33 | −.21 | −.21 | 10 |
Cote d’Ivoire 2011–12 | 2130 | −.059 | −3.22 | .47 | −.64 | −.54 | 85 | .36 | −.09 | −.01 | 0 | .18 | −.26 | −.45 | 11 | .34 | .16 | .13 | 4 |
DRCongo 2013–14 | 4813 | −.018 | −3.34 | .50 | −.07 | −.25 | 13 | .30 | .08 | −.33 | 0 | .49 | −.02 | −.25 | 3 | .33 | −.26 | −.67 | 84 |
Ethiopia 2016 | 2539 | −.062 | −3.48 | .48 | −.71 | −.52 | 83 | .12 | −.18 | −.12 | 1 | .11 | −.46 | −.43 | 11 | .35 | .21 | .16 | 6 |
Gabon 2012 | 1561 | −.041 | −3.75 | .47 | −.26 | −.36 | 30 | .84 | .03 | −.02 | 0 | .75 | −.45 | −.24 | 52 | .33 | −.23 | −.36 | 18 |
Gambia 2013 | 2077 | −.036 | −3.83 | .51 | −.15 | −.20 | 11 | .46 | .30 | .36 | 37 | .32 | −.43 | −.33 | 33 | .31 | .18 | .44 | 18 |
Ghana 2014 | 1447 | −.022 | −3.62 | .47 | −.08 | −.29 | 13 | .45 | −.06 | .04 | 0 | .59 | −.28 | −.32 | 64 | .32 | .27 | .22 | 23 |
Guinea 2012 | 1877 | −.047 | −3.23 | .47 | −.10 | −.24 | 7 | .26 | .02 | −.53 | 0 | .13 | −.60 | −.87 | 43 | .32 | −.38 | −.62 | 49 |
Kenya 2014 | 4637 | −.025 | −3.62 | .49 | −.21 | −.32 | 36 | .36 | .29 | .50 | 55 | .61 | −.17 | −.08 | 9 | .33 | −.05 | .17 | 0 |
Lesotho 2014 | 875 | −.055 | −3.38 | .52 | −.39 | −.34 | 37 | .25 | −.04 | −.05 | 0 | .80 | −.71 | −.18 | 55 | .30 | .33 | .15 | 8 |
Liberia 2013 | 1988 | −.019 | −3.47 | .47 | .12 | .30 | 25 | .49 | .11 | .09 | 7 | .32 | −.23 | −.60 | 65 | .31 | .07 | .09 | 3 |
Malawi 2015–16 | 3882 | −.018 | −3.54 | .47 | −.22 | −.53 | 83 | .14 | .12 | .43 | 11 | .30 | −.01 | −.11 | 0 | .33 | −.11 | −.12 | 6 |
Mali 2012–13 | 2608 | −.047 | −3.33 | .48 | −.29 | −.29 | 26 | .19 | −.08 | −.70 | 7 | .10 | −.16 | −.62 | 6 | .33 | −.44 | −.66 | 61 |
Mozambique 2011 | 2915 | −.020 | −3.3 | .48 | −.14 | −.37 | 37 | .28 | .00 | −.22 | 0 | .17 | −.29 | −.83 | 63 | .33 | .02 | −.07 | 0 |
Namibia 2013 | 1247 | −.020 | −3.73 | .50 | −.11 | −.22 | 16 | .45 | −.20 | −.38 | 44 | .78 | −.21 | −.18 | 40 | .29 | .16 | −.03 | 0 |
Niger 2012 | 3116 | −.022 | −3.46 | .48 | −.08 | −.42 | 22 | .12 | −.52 | −.88 | 74 | .06 | −.07 | −.62 | 3 | .32 | .02 | −.07 | 0 |
Nigeria 2013 | 8262 | −.044 | − 3.2 | .50 | −.24 | −.22 | 19 | .34 | −.14 | −.50 | 17 | .45 | −.30 | −.53 | 51 | .32 | −.10 | −.58 | 14 |
Rwanda 2014–15 | 1859 | −.032 | −3.9 | .50 | −.32 | −.40 | 52 | .17 | .02 | −.29 | 0 | .36 | −.15 | −.40 | 17 | .34 | −.23 | −.49 | 31 |
Senegal 2010–11 | 3076 | −.031 | −3.54 | .47 | −.19 | −.31 | 25 | .36 | −.28 | −.64 | 58 | .11 | −.10 | −.51 | 5 | .31 | −.08 | −.50 | 12 |
Sierra Leone 2013 | 3315 | −.015 | −2.93 | .49 | −.03 | −.15 | 4 | .26 | .07 | .19 | 7 | .25 | −.20 | −.75 | 84 | .34 | .03 | .20 | 4 |
Tanzania 2015–16 | 2393 | −.034 | −3.53 | .48 | −.20 | −.33 | 27 | .28 | .36 | .72 | 60 | .68 | .11 | .14 | 9 | .34 | .03 | .50 | 4 |
Togo 2013–14 | 1657 | −.033 | −3.47 | .47 | −.16 | −.30 | 19 | .34 | −.14 | −.07 | 3 | .31 | −.43 | −.69 | 78 | .32 | .20 | −.03 | 0 |
Uganda 2016 | 3663 | −.039 | −3.58 | .49 | −.31 | −.37 | 41 | .19 | −.04 | −.15 | 1 | .42 | −.42 | −.45 | 57 | .33 | .26 | .02 | 1 |
Zambia 2013–14 | 3057 | −.021 | −3.51 | .47 | −.22 | −.53 | 73 | .34 | .00 | .02 | 0 | .51 | −.15 | −.26 | 27 | .34 | .06 | .00 | 0 |
Zimbabwe 2015 | 1411 | −.024 | −3.36 | .49 | −.19 | −.43 | 36 | .27 | .35 | −.34 | 0 | .85 | −.14 | −.09 | 10 | .29 | −.43 | −.49 | 54 |
G: Gini index; mean(y): mean of the predicted (ln) death rates; mean: mean of the dummy variable (coded 0/1), corresponds to the proportion of the factor in the country; b: regression coefficient from a multivariate Poisson model (in bold if significant); %Gini: relative factor’s contribution calculated with the regression-based decomposition of the Gini indexh; A few negative contributions were restricted to 0