Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: Diabet Med. 2019 Feb 28;36(9):1149–1157. doi: 10.1111/dme.13878

Table 2.

Spearman correlation coefficients among study variables

Spearman correlation coefficients
Prob>|r|under H0: Rho=0
Depressed
status		 Physical
HRQoL		 Sleep
disturbance		 Global QoL Physical
activity		 White
race/
ethnicity		 Other
race/
ethnicity		 Black
race/
ethnicity		 Hispanic
race/
ethnicity
Depressed status 1.00000 −0.09763
<0.0001		 0.27403
<0.0001		 −0.28115
<0.0001		 −0.06665
<0.0001		 −0.05039
<0.0001		 −0.01093
0.3032		 0.01370
0.1971		 0.08819
<0.0001
Physical HRQoL −0.09763
<0.0001		 1.00000 −0.24839
<0.0001		 0.18828
<0.0001		 0.24346
<0.0001		 0.02425
0.0243		 0.05090
<0.0001		 −0.06238
<0.0001		 0.00640
0.5524
Sleep disturbance 0.27403
<0.0001		 −0.24839
<0.0001		 1.00000 −0.21080
<0.0001		 −0.08517
<0.0001		 0.06863
<0.0001		 −0.04122
<0.0001		 −0.06799
<0.0001		 0.02176
0.0392
Global QoL −0.28115
<0.0001		 0.18828
<0.0001		 −0.21080
<0.0001		 1.00000 0.12714
<0.0001		 −0.03224
0.0020		 −0.00200
0.8477		 0.03684
0.0004		 0.00275
0.7924
Physical activity −0.06665
<0.0001		 0.24346
<0.0001		 −0.08517
<0.0001		 0.12714
<0.0001		 1.00000 0.04363
<0.0001		 0.01838
0.0826		 −0.05643
<0.0001		 −0.00844
0.4256
White race/ethnicity −0.05039
<0.0001		 0.02425
0.0243		 0.06863
<0.0001		 −0.03224
0.0020		 0.04363
<0.0001		 1.00000 n/a n/a n/a
Other race/ethnicity −0.01093
0.3032		 0.05090
<0.0001		 −0.04122
<0.0001		 −0.00200
0.8477		 0.01838
0.0826		 n/a 1.00000 n/a n/a
Black race/ethnicity 0.01370
0.1971		 −0.06238
<0.0001		 −0.06799
<0.0001		 0.03684
0.0004		 −0.05643
<0.0001		 n/a n/a 1.00000 n/a
Hispanic race/ethnicity 0.08819
<0.0001		 0.00640
0.5524		 0.02176
0.0392		 0.00275
0.7924		 −0.00844
0.4256		 n/a n/a n/a 1.00000
Education −0.08828
<0.0001		 0.12173
<0.0001		 −0.09101
<0.0001		 0.04101
<0.0001		 0.11497
<0.0001		 0.10965
<0.0001		 −0.02492
0.0169		 −0.03266
0.0017		 −0.13445
<0.0001
Income −0.14035
<0.0001		 0.21117
<0.0001		 −0.11074
<0.0001		 0.16095
<0.0001		 0.11063
<0.0001		 0.16263
<0.0001		 0.03648
0.0007		 −0.13442
<0.0001		 −0.12909
<0.0001
Married −0.07008
<0.0001		 0.04619
<0.0001		 −0.02683
0.0112		 0.11361
<0.0001		 0.02242
0.0346		 0.14671
<.0001		 0.03852
0.0002		 −0.18629
<0.0001		 −0.01058
0.3103
Number of
comorbidities		 0.07066
<0.0001		 −0.35567
<0.0001		 0.15275
<0.0001		 −0.09490
<0.0001		 −0.08119
<0.0001		 0.03331
0.0014		 −0.07247
<0.0001		 0.05584
<0.0001		 −0.08700
<0.0001
Antidepressant use 0.14625
<0.0001		 −0.15567
<0.0001		 0.06873
<0.0001		 −0.09436
<0.0001		 −0.06006
<0.0001		 0.08255
<0.0001		 −0.05261
<0.0001		 −0.05595
<0.0001		 −0.01407
0.1755
Age −0.09316
<0.0001		 −0.09687
<0.0001		 0.00530
0.6148		 0.10115
<0.0001		 0.05309
<0.0001		 0.17172
<0.0001		 −0.01452
0.1620		 −0.12281
<0.0001		 −0.11306
<0.0001
Optimism −0.27890
<0.0001		 0.15230
<0.0001		 −0.19694
<0.0001		 0.37717
<0.0001		 0.09729
<0.0001		 0.06574
<0.0001		 −0.06444
<0.0001		 0.01521
0.1515		 −0.09002
<0.0001
Social support −0.22865
<0.0001		 0.11651
<0.0001		 −0.16443
<0.0001		 0.41493
<0.0001		 0.08018
<0.0001		 0.05684
<0.0001		 −0.00822
0.4374		 −0.02560
0.0156		 −0.05979
<0.0001
Spearman correlation coefficients
Prob>|r|under H0: Rho=0
Education Income Married Number of
comorbidities		 Antidepres-
sant use		 Age Optimism Social
support
Depressed status −0.08828
<0.0001		 −0.14035
<0.0001		 −0.07008
<0.0001		 0.07066
<0.0001		 0.14625
<0.0001		 −0.09316
<0.0001		 −0.27890
<0.0001		 −0.22865
<0.0001
Physical HRQoL 0.12173
<0.0001		 0.21117
<0.0001		 0.04619
<0.0001		 −0.35567
<0.0001		 −0.15567
<0.0001		 −0.09687
<0.0001		 0.15230
<0.0001		 0.11651
<0.0001
Sleep disturbance −0.09101
<0.0001		 −0.11074
<.0001		 −0.02683
0.0112		 0.15275
<0.0001		 0.06873
<0.0001		 0.00530
0.6148		 −0.19694
<0.0001		 −0.16443
<0.0001
Global QoL 0.04101
<0.0001		 0.16095
<0.0001		 0.11361
<0.0001		 −0.09490
<0.0001		 −0.09436
<0.0001		 0.10115
<0.0001		 0.37717
<0.0001		 0.41493
<0.0001
Physical activity 0.11497
<0.0001		 0.11063
<.0001		 0.02242
0.0346		 −0.08119
<0.0001		 −0.06006
<0.0001		 0.05309
<0.0001		 0.09729
<0.0001		 0.08018
<0.0001
White race/ethnicity 0.10965
<0.0001		 0.16263
<0.0001		 0.14671
<0.0001		 0.03331
0.0014		 0.08255
<0.0001		 0.17172
<0.0001		 0.06574
<0.0001		 0.05684
<0.0001
Other race/ethnicity −0.02492
0.0169		 0.03648
0.0007		 0.03852
0.0002		 −0.07247
<0.0001		 −0.05261
<0.0001		 −0.01452
0.1620		 −0.06444
<0.0001		 −0.00822
0.4374
Black race/ethnicity −0.03266
0.0017		 -0.13442
<0.0001		 −0.18629
<0.0001		 0.05584
<0.0001		 −0.05595
<0.0001		 −0.12281
<0.0001		 0.01521
0.1515		 −0.02560
0.0156
Hispanic race/ethnicity −0.13445
<0.0001		 −0.12909
<0.0001		 −0.01058
0.3103		 −0.08700
<0.0001		 −0.01407
0.1755		 −0.11306
<0.0001		 −0.09002
<0.0001		 −0.05979
<0.0001
Education 1.00000 0.40636
<0.0001		 0.00150
0.8859		 −0.03678
0.0004		 0.00202
0.8459		 −0.03510
0.0007		 0.22911
<.0001		 0.04023
0.0001
Income 0.40636
<0.0001		 1.00000
8657		 0.42135
<0.0001		 −0.09301
<0.0001		 −0.04395
<0.0001		 −0.16946
<0.0001		 0.20105
<0.0001		 0.23234
<0.0001
Married 0.00150
0.8859		 0.42135
<0.0001		 1.00000 -0.05154
<0.0001		 -0.02012
0.0532		 −0.12569
<0.0001		 0.03388
0.0014		 0.26036
<0.0001
Number comorbidities −0.03678
0.0004		 −0.09301
<0.0001		 −0.05154
<0.0001		 1.00000 0.10079
<0.0001		 0.11390
<0.0001		 −0.06613
<0.0001		 −0.06407
<0.0001
Antidepressant use 0.00202
0.8459		 −0.04395
<0.0001		 −0.02012
0.0532		 0.10079
<0.0001		 1.00000 −0.04352
<0.0001		 −0.08412
<0.0001		 −0.06870
<0.0001
Age −0.03510
0.0007		 −0.16946
<0.0001		 −0.12569
<0.0001		 0.11390
<0.0001		 −0.04352
<0.0001		 1.00000 0.01842
0.0820		 −0.01811
0.0866
Optimism 0.22911
<0.0001		 0.20105
<0.0001		 0.03388
0.0014		 −0.06613
<0.0001		 −0.08412
<0.0001		 0.01842
0.0820		 1.00000 0.31119
<0.0001
Social support 0.04023
0.0001		 0.23234
<0.0001		 0.26036
<0.0001		 -0.06407
<0.0001		 -0.06870
<0.0001		 -0.01811
0.0866		 0.31119
<0.0001		 1.00000

HRQoL, health-related quality of life; QoL, quality of life.