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Surgical encounter direct costs. Data represent median ± standard error of the mean. As the reference group, the mean cost for the PR / Local-Onlyl (WALANT) group was normalized to 1.0. *P < 0.05 as compared to left-sided neighboring value per Kruskal-Wallis tests and Nemenyi post hoc multiple comparison tests. Values over graph bars represent fold-change differences relative to the reference group (WALANT).
