Table 6.
Significant differences in well-being outcomes between neighborhood factor quantile groups, adjusted for individual-level covariate (determined by Type II sums of squares tests for ANOVA effects, reported as p-values).
| Variable | SWLS | CR | EM | FI | PH | LI | PU | SP | SS | SC | ST | # Sig. Domains |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Neighborhood factors | ||||||||||||
| Race: % Black/African American | 0.13 | 0.033 | 0.242 | 0.038 | 2 | |||||||
| Edu: % 9–12 grade, no degree | 0.019 | 0.006 | 0.046 | 0.006 | 0.02 | 0.019 | 5 | |||||
| Edu: % high school diploma/GED | 0.019 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Edu: % bachelor’s degree | 0.004 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.036 | 4 | |||||||
| % Divorce | 0.025 | 0.136 | 1 | |||||||||
| Median income | 0.004 | 1 | ||||||||||
| % Children in poverty | 0.012 | 0.192 | 0.064 | 0.106 | 1 | |||||||
| # Federally Qualified Health Centers | 0.132 | 0.094 | 0.142 | 0 | ||||||||
| % Mammography | 0.002 | 0.194 | 0.054 | 0.007 | 2 | |||||||
| Preventable hospital stays | 0.004 | 0.124 | 0.032 | 2 | ||||||||
| % Commute by bike | <0.001 | 0.018 | 0.048 | 3 | ||||||||
| % Commute by public transit | 0.08 | 0.02 | 0.072 | 1 | ||||||||
| Individual factors | ||||||||||||
| Age | <0.001 | 0.025 | 0.004 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 6 | ||||
| Educational attainment | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.05 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 9 | |
| Gender | 0.035 | <0.001 | 0.047 | <0.001 | 0.009 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 6 | ||||
| Household size | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.05 | 0.035 | <0.001 | 0.002 | 0.011 | 0.001 | 7 | ||
| Household income | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.027 | 0.045 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 8 | ||
| Marital status | 0.004 | 0.036 | 0.101 | 0.006 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.006 | <0.001 | 6 | |||
| Recent residential moves | 0.148 | 0.001 | 0.005 | 0.125 | 2 | |||||||
| Race/ethnicity | 0.038 | 0.002 | <0.001 | 0.041 | <0.001 | 0.055 | <0.001 | 6 | ||||
| Employment status | 0.006 | <0.001 | 0.033 | 0.025 | 0.002 | 0.013 | 0.046 | <0.001 | 8 | |||
| # Sig. neighborhood factors | 1 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | |
| r2 | 0.167 | 0.029 | 0.132 | 0.264 | 0.178 | 0.226 | 0.066 | 0.111 | 0.086 | 0.164 | 0.140 | |
| ICC | 0.011 | 0.000 | 0.001 | 0.013 | 0.022 | 0.013 | 0.011 | 0.004 | 0.003 | 0.016 | 0.005 | |
| AIC | 33306 | 9851 | 13778 | 23214 | 14765 | 25290 | 10598 | 10858 | 17645 | 15809 | 12436 | |
| Valid n | 2382 | 2397 | 2378 | 2388 | 2386 | 2380 | 2388 | 2401 | 2397 | 2390 | 2373 | |
| Moran I (model residual) | −0.001 | <0.001 | −0.001 | −0.001 | −0.001 | −0.001 | −0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | −0.001 | <0.001 | |
| p-value | 0.649 | 0.484 | 0.784 | 0.883 | 0.77 | 0.745 | 0.836 | 0.537 | 0.384 | 0.831 | 0.449 | |
| Moran I (outcome) | 0.006 | <0.001 | 0.006 | 0.009 | 0.003 | 0.019 | 0.001 | 0.008 | 0.004 | 0.008 | 0.008 | |
| p-value | <0.001 | 0.157 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.014 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
Abbreviations: CR (exploration and creativity), EM (emotional and mental health), FI (financial security and satisfaction), FQHC (Federally Qualified Health Center), GED (General Educational Development), LI (lifestyle and daily practices), PH (physical health), PU (purpose and meaning), SP (spirituality and religiosity), SS (sense of self), SC (social connectedness), ST (stress and resilience), SWLS (Stanford Well for Life Scale).