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. 2019 May 21;16(10):1808. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16101808

Table 2.

The mean differences in characteristics between farm machine users and nonusers.

Variables Users Nonusers Diff. t-Value
Pesticide expenditure 19.788 (21.077) 33.856 (35.058) −14.067 *** −5.538
Age 46.246 (9.929) 47.522 (10.816) −1.275 −1.356
Gender 0.796 (0.796) 0.890 (0.890) −0.094 *** −2.805
Education 6.673 (2.541) 6.923 (3.034) −0.251 −0.997
Off-farm work 0.778 (0.416) 0.622 (0.486) 0.156 *** 3.832
Farming experience 25.331 (10.111) 25.584 (11.123) −0.253 −0.263
Risk preference 2.127 (1.612) 3.211 (2.003) −1.084 *** −6.650
Household size 4.521 (1.569) 4.593 (1.264) −0.072 −0.547
Credit access 0.317 (0.466) 0.579 (0.495) −0.262 *** −6.009
Transportation condition 0.863 (0.345) 0.603 (0.490) 0.260 *** 6.905
Farm size 4.116 (3.441) 2.696 (1.843) 1.421 *** 5.422
Subsidy 0.081 (0.273) 0.411 (0.493) −0.330 *** −9.487
Extension contact 0.201 (0.401) 0.206 (0.405) −0.005 −0.137
Extension attitude 2.289 (1.009) 3.196 (1.139) −0.907 *** −9.380
Project 0.782 (0.414) 0.842 (0.366) −0.060 * −1.682
Gansu 0.131 (0.337) 0.593 (0.492) −0.463 *** −12.386
Henan 0.299 (0.459) 0.407 (0.492) −0.107 ** −2.490
Shandong 0.570 (0.496) 0.000 (0.000) 0.570 *** 16.625

Note: Standard deviation in parentheses; * p < 0.1, ** p < 0.05, *** p < 0.01.