Table 2.
Variables | Users | Nonusers | Diff. | t-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Pesticide expenditure | 19.788 (21.077) | 33.856 (35.058) | −14.067 *** | −5.538 |
Age | 46.246 (9.929) | 47.522 (10.816) | −1.275 | −1.356 |
Gender | 0.796 (0.796) | 0.890 (0.890) | −0.094 *** | −2.805 |
Education | 6.673 (2.541) | 6.923 (3.034) | −0.251 | −0.997 |
Off-farm work | 0.778 (0.416) | 0.622 (0.486) | 0.156 *** | 3.832 |
Farming experience | 25.331 (10.111) | 25.584 (11.123) | −0.253 | −0.263 |
Risk preference | 2.127 (1.612) | 3.211 (2.003) | −1.084 *** | −6.650 |
Household size | 4.521 (1.569) | 4.593 (1.264) | −0.072 | −0.547 |
Credit access | 0.317 (0.466) | 0.579 (0.495) | −0.262 *** | −6.009 |
Transportation condition | 0.863 (0.345) | 0.603 (0.490) | 0.260 *** | 6.905 |
Farm size | 4.116 (3.441) | 2.696 (1.843) | 1.421 *** | 5.422 |
Subsidy | 0.081 (0.273) | 0.411 (0.493) | −0.330 *** | −9.487 |
Extension contact | 0.201 (0.401) | 0.206 (0.405) | −0.005 | −0.137 |
Extension attitude | 2.289 (1.009) | 3.196 (1.139) | −0.907 *** | −9.380 |
Project | 0.782 (0.414) | 0.842 (0.366) | −0.060 * | −1.682 |
Gansu | 0.131 (0.337) | 0.593 (0.492) | −0.463 *** | −12.386 |
Henan | 0.299 (0.459) | 0.407 (0.492) | −0.107 ** | −2.490 |
Shandong | 0.570 (0.496) | 0.000 (0.000) | 0.570 *** | 16.625 |
Note: Standard deviation in parentheses; * p < 0.1, ** p < 0.05, *** p < 0.01.