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. 2019 May 17;7(5):118. doi: 10.3390/sports7050118

Table 1.

Subjective sleep quality, as recorded before, during and after Ramadan.

Before Ramadan During Ramadan After Ramadan
Sleep latency (min) 16.8 ± 6.4 17.6 ± 6.4 17.6 ± 6.1
Sleep efficiency (%) 98.4 ± 4.1 93.3 ± 8.2*# 96.4 ± 6.0
Sleep duration (h) 7.9 ± 1.6 6.1 ± 1.5*# 6.9 ± 1.4*
Sleep quality 0.9 ± 0.9 2.0 ± 0.7* 1.6 ± 0.9*
Sleep disturbances 0.6 ± 0.5 0.9 ± 0.5* 0.7 ± 0.5
Daytime dysfunction 0.4 ± 0.6 0.8 ± 0.8*# 0.3 ± 0.5
Total score of PSQI 3.3 ± 2.3 6.7 ± 2.6*# 4.9 ± 2.0*

* Significant differences from before Ramadan. # Significant differences from after Ramadan.