Table 5.
Daily energy and macronutrient intake of lactating women (n = 61).
| Parameter | Median Value | Range | Dietary Recommendations |
|---|---|---|---|
| Energy (kcal) | 2044 | 992–3844 | 1960–2510 kcal (18–30 y) + 500–600 kcal 1 1840–2360 kcal (>31 y) + 500–600 kcal 1 |
| Carbohydrates (g) | 209.28 | 75.51–410.21 | 45–60% of total energy intake 1 |
| Fiber, total (g) | 21.82 | 6.79–100.42 | 25–35 g |
| Sugars (g), of which: | 103.48 | 28.24–326.93 | Not more than 10% of total energy intake 1 |
| Glucose (g) | 17.64 | 1.21–71.13 | - |
| Fructose (g) | 17.83 | 1.11–78.16 | - |
| Sucrose (g) | 48.36 | 1.06–244.14 | - |
| Maltose (g) | 0.29 | 0.00–3.26 | - |
| Galactose (g) | 0.00 | 0.00–12.00 | - |
| Lactose (g) | 6.62 | 0.00–43.08 | - |
| Protein, total (g) | 80.42 | 30.45–190.47 | 10–20% of total energy intake 1 |
| Fat, total (g) | 87.29 | 25.32–304.01 | 25–30% of total energy intake 1 |
| Fatty acids, total saturated (g) |
31.29 | 8.02–90.79 | Not more than 10% of total energy intake 1 As low as possible 2 |
| Fatty acids, total cis-monounsaturated (g) |
31.30 | 7.66–90.07 | 10–20% of total energy intake 3 |
| Fatty acids, total cis-polyunsaturated (g) |
13.92 | 1.27–66.76 | 5–10% of total energy intake 3 |
| Fatty acids, total n-6 cis-polyunsaturated (g), of which: |
10.43 | 0.81–47.75 | Together with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids at least 5% of total energy intake 3 |
| Linoleic acid (18:2 n-6c) (mg) |
10610.53 | 1096.62–47821.29 | 4% of total energy intake 2 |
| Fatty acids, total n-3 cis-polyunsaturated (g), of which: |
2.10 | 0.00–31.12 | At least 1% of total energy intake 3 |
| α-linolenic acid (18:3 n-3) (mg) |
1903.85 | 261.83–31128.36 | At least 0.5% of total energy intake 2,3 |
| Eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5 n-3) (mg) |
21.25 | 0.00–2189.45 | 250 mg of eicosapentaenoic acid + docosahexaenoic acid 2 |
| Docosahexaenoic acid (22:6 n-3) (mg) |
85.65 | 0.00–4664.61 | 250 mg of eicosapentaenoic acid + docosahexaenoic acid + 100 to 200 mg of docosahexaenoic acid 2 200 mg 3 |
| Ratio n-6/n-3 | 4.71 | 0.00–63.79 | - |
| Fatty acids, total trans (g) | 0.62 | 0.00–3.00 | As low as possible 2,3 |