Table 5.
Clinical characteristics of study population according to drug treatment status.
| Some Variables | With Pharmacotherapy (n = 1009) | Without Pharmacotherapy (n = 624) | p |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 11.6± 3.6 | 8.8± 4.6 | <0.001 |
| Gender, male, n (%) | 680 (67.4) | 378 (60.6) | 0.22 |
| Psychiatric outpatient visit | 5.4± 3.2 | 2.7± 2.0 | <0.001 |
| ADHD, n (%) | 695 (68.9) | 113 (18.1) | <0.001 |
| Conduct disorder, n (%) | 127 (12.6) | 22 (3.5) | <0.001 |
| Anxiety disorder, n (%) | 68 (6.5) | 66 (10.9) | 0.002 |
| Specific learning disorder, n (%) | 160 (15.9) | 51 (8.2) | <0.001 |
| Oppositional defiant disorder, n (%) | 91 (9.0) | 51 (8.2) | 0.55 |
| Mental retardation, n (%) | 92 (9.1) | 50 (8.0) | 0.44 |
| Trauma- and stressor-related disorders, n (%) | 32 (3.2) | 81 (13.0) | <0.001 |
| Communication disorders, n (%) | 13 (1.3) | 84 (13.5) | <0.001 |
| Autism spectrum disorder, n (%) | 73 (7.2) | 21 (3.4) | 0.001 |
| Monotherapy (n = 724) | Combination therapy (n = 291) | ||
| Age, years | 11.6± 3.7 | 11.4± 3.4 | 0.48 |
| Gender, male, n (%) | 459 (63.4) | 224 (77.0) | <0.001 |
| Admission number | 5.0±2.8 | 6.5± 3.7 | <0.001 |
| ADHD, n (%) | 442 (61.0) | 253 (86.9) | <0.001 |
| Conduct disorder, n (%) | 52 (7.2) | 75 (25.8) | <0.001 |
| Anxiety disorder, n (%) | 58 (8.0) | 8 (2.7) | 0.002 |
| SLD, n (%) | 113 (15.6) | 47 (16.2) | 0.83 |
| ODD, n (%) | 48 (6.6) | 43 (14.8) | <0.001 |
| Intellectual disability, n (%) | 48(6.6) | 44 (15.1) | <0.001 |
| Trauma- and stressor-related disorders, n (%) | 30 (4.1) | 2 (0.7) | 0.002 |
| ASD, n (%) | 45 (4.4) | 28 (2.8) | 0.057 |
Abbreviations: ADHD; attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, ASD; autism spectrum disorder, ODD; oppositional defiant disorder, SLD; specific learning disorder.