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. 2019 May 22;24(10):1969. doi: 10.3390/molecules24101969

Table 1.

Yield and reaction time comparison between microwave and conventional methods in the synthesis of 5-arylazo-3-cyano-2-(2″,3″,4″,6″-tetra-O-acetyl-β-d-galactopyranosyloxo)-pyridines (8a–d).

Compound No. R Ar Microwave Synthesis Conventional Synthesis
Reaction Time/min
Yield (%)
Reaction Time/h
Yield (%)
Method A Method B Method C
8a CH3 4-ClC6H4 2 (92) 5 (86) 53 (50)
8b CH3 3-NO2C6H4 3 (90) 5 (81) 53 (49)
8c C6H5 4-ClC6H4 2 (95) 4 (85) 51 (44)
8d C6H5 3-NO2C6H4 2 (93) 4 (83) 51 (51)