Table 1.
The distribution of the study population.
| Demographic Characteristic | Men | Women | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | n (%) | ||
| 729 (70.8) | 301 (29.2) | ||
| Age (year), mean ± SD | 49.6 ± 0.4 | 40.1 ± 0.6 | <0.001 a |
| DEQS | |||
| Summary score, mean ± SD | 17.9 ± 0.7 | 24.6 ± 1.2 | <0.001 a |
| Bothersome ocular symptoms, mean ± SD | 9.0 ± 0.3 | 13.1 ± 0.5 | 0.002 a |
| Impact of daily life, mean ± SD | 8.9 ± 0.4 | 11.4 ± 0.7 | <0.001 a |
| Marital status: married n (%) | 502 (68.9) | 111 (36.9) | <0.001 b |
| Offspring status: does have any children n (%) | 436 (59.8) | 86 (28.6) | <0.001 b |
| Annual household income n (%) | <0.001b | ||
| <$40,000 per year | 94 (12.9) | 87 (28.9) | |
| $40,000–$59,999 per year | 145 (19.9) | 51 (16.9) | |
| ≥$60,000 per year | 430 (59.0) | 116 (38.5) | |
| VDT hours during work (hrs), mean ± SD | 6.6 ± 0.1 | 7.1 ± 0.2 | 0.02 a |
| CL use, n (%) | 121 (16.6) | 145 (48.2) | <0.001 b |
| History of smoking, n (%) | 202 (27.7) | 47 (15.6) | <0.001 b |
| The number of self-care methods mean + SD | 1.6 (0.0) | 1.8 (0.1) | 0.02 a |
DEQS—Dry Eye-related Quality of Life Score; VDT—visual display terminal; CL—contact lens; SD—standard deviation. a an unpaired two-tailed test; b the chi-square test.