Table 4.
Associations of quartiles of SSB-related metabolites with blood pressure in ELEMENT participants during peripuberty.
| - | β a (95% CI) per 1-SD Increment in Each SSB-Related Metabolite with Select Adiposity Indicators and Metabolic Biomarkers | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Girls (n = 128) | ||||||
| 5-Methyl-THF | Phenylephrine | Urate | Nonanoate | Deoxyuridine | Sn-Glycero-3-Phosphoholine | |
| Blood pressure | ||||||
| SBP (mmHg) | −1.18 (−2.92, 0.55) | 0.03 (−1.68, 1.73) | 3.09 (1.38, 4.79) | 2.27 (0.58, 3.97) | 0.04 (−1.73, 1.81) | −0.10 (−1.77, 1.57) |
| DBP (mmHg) | −0.44 (−1.73, 0.84) | 0.26 (−1.00, 1.52) | 1.31 (0.01, 2.61) | 0.31 (−0.98, 1.60) | 0.44 (−0.86, 1.75) | −0.05 (−1.28, 1.19) |
| - | Boys (n = 114) | |||||
| 2-Piperidinone | Octanoylcarnitine | Catechol | ||||
| Metabolic biomarkers | ||||||
| Fasting C-peptide (ng/mL) | 0.06 (−0.13, 0.25) | −0.15 (−0.37, 0.08) | 0.08 (−0.15, 0.30) | |||
| CP-IR b | 0.01 (−0.03, 0.06) | −0.03 (−0.08, 0.02) | 0.02 (−0.03, 0.07) | |||
| Leptin (ng/mL) | 0.79 (−0.32, 1.89) | 0.19 (−1.11, 0.15) | 0.06 (−1.28, 1.39) | |||
| Adiposity | ||||||
| BMI z-score | 0.16 (−0.05, 0.36) | −0.04 (−0.28, 0.20) | 0.01 (−0.23, 0.25) | |||
| Waist circumference (cm) | 1.50 (−0.07, 3.07) | −0.37 (−2.24, 1.50) | 0.26 (−1.64, 2.16) | |||
| SS+TR (mm) | 1.35 (−0.50, 3.21) | −0.62 (−2.81, 1.57) | −0.27 (−2.50, 1.96) | |||
| Blood pressure | ||||||
| SBP (mmHg) | 0.98 (−0.86, 2.83) | 0.37 (−1.68, 2.43) | 1.98 (−0.06, 4.02) | |||
| DBP (mmHg) | 1.10 (−0.23, 2.43) | −0.98 (2.46, 0.51) | 1.23 (−0.26, 2.72) | |||
a Estimates are adjusted for child’s age and pubertal status based on breast and pubic hair development for girls, and based on testicular volume and public hair development in boys. b Calculated as [fasting serum C-peptide × fasting serum glucose]/405.