Table 1.
Sample characteristics by parental migration status, n (%). LBC—left-behind children.
| Variables | Current-LBC | Previous-LBC | Never-LBC | F or χ2 | p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | 1.08 | 0.584 | |||
| Male | 678 (54.9) | 257 (55.0) | 137 (51.5) | ||
| Female | 558 (45.1) | 210 (45.0) | 129 (48.5) | ||
| Age, mean (SD) | 13.1 (1.2) | 13.2 (1.2) | 13.0 (1.2) | 4.25 | 0.014 |
| Grade | 7.76 | 0.021 | |||
| Grade 5 Grade 6 | 538 (43.0) | 184 (38.9) | 132 (49.4) | ||
| Grade 7 Grade 8 | 712 (57.0) | 289 (61.1) | 135 (50.6) | ||
| Income level | 5.94 | 0.204 | |||
| Much better off/better off | 317 (25.5) | 120 (25.7) | 85 (32.0) | ||
| The same | 818 (65.9) | 306 (65.5) | 165 (62.0) | ||
| Poorer/much poorer | 106 (8.5) | 41 (8.8) | 16 (6.0) | ||
| Any siblings | 3.69 | 0.158 | |||
| Yes | 820 (65.5) | 314 (66.4) | 192 (71.6) | ||
| No | 431 (34.5) | 159 (33.6) | 76 (28.4) |