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. 2019 May 23;10(5):148. doi: 10.3390/insects10050148

Table 1.

Number of natural enemies (± Standard Error) assessed during all the sampling period in the visuals observations (VO, number/1 m2 × 3 min) and the beating tray samplings (BTS, number/1 m2) of the margins.

Type of Sampling Arthropod Group Treatment Year Year*Treatment
Control Margin ± SE Flower Margin ± SE F1,12 p F 1,12 p F 1,12 p
VO Adult hoverflies 0.384 ± 0.077 4.242 ± 0.463 109.052 <0.001 0.968 0.348 3.182 0.114
BTS All predators 0.724 ± 0.122 2.203 ± 0.332 39.991 <0.001 1.323 0.278 0.773 0.405
Thysanoptera 0.035 ± 0.012 0.224 ± 0.039 42.784 <0.001 6.663 0.026 2.811 0.128
Araneae 0.321 ± 0.049 0.679 ± 0.140 6.340 0.034 0.175 0.684 0.314 0.589
Heteroptera 0.280 ± 0.114 1.085 ± 0.307 17.482 <0.001 4.676 0.057 0.230 0.644
Coleoptera 0.045 ± 0.009 0.139 ± 0.048 6.100 0.038 7.036 0.023 5.506 0.046
Other predators 0.044 ± 0.015 0.074 ± 0.007 3.810 0.081 2.003 0.185 3.446 0.094
Parasitoid wasps 0.161 ± 0.015 0.623 ± 0.083 30.017 <0.001 0.282 0.606 0.799 0.394
Phytophagous insects 2.828 ± 0.604 4.66 ± 0.598 7.655 0.025 1.654 0.229 0.002 0.968

* Test statistics (F-value (F)) and p (likelihood ratio) are shown. Significant p values (p <0.05) are shown in bold.