Table 3.
Maternal/fetal outcomes associated with GWG (IOM recommendations).
| Maternal/Fetal Outcomes | GWG (IOM Recommendations) | p-Value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Below | Range | Above | ||
| N = 2172 (31.9%) | N = 2738 (38.6%) | N = 2191 (30.9%) | ||
| Weight gain (kg) | 8.37 ± 2.69 | 13.50 ± 2.29 | 19.16 ± 4.20 | <0.001 |
| Prepregnancy BMI (kg/m2) | 21.54 ± 3.38 | 21.67 ± 3.64 | 22.74 ±4.39 | <0.001 |
| Maternal BMI before delivery (kg/m2) | 24.57 ± 2.96 | 26.53 ± 3.19 | 29.65 ± 4.01 | <0.001 |
| C-section (N) | 744 (34.3) | 932 (34.0) | 843 (38.5) | <0.05 |
| Gestational hypertension (N) | 26 (1.2) | 29 (1.1) | 48 (2.2) | <0.05 |
| Preeclampsia (N) | 28 (1.3) | 46 (1.7) | 46 (2.1) | n.s. |
| Gestational DM (N) | 63 (2.9) | 67 (2.4) | 44 (2.0) | n.s. |
| IUGR (N) | 47 (2.2) | 35 (1.3) | 17 (0.8) | <0.001 |
| Low birth weight (N) | 197 (9.1) | 95 (3.5) | 57 (2.6) | <0.001 |
| Macrosomia (N) | 106 (4.9) | 168 (6.1) | 226 (10.3) | <0.001 |
Data are mean +/− standard deviation or n (%); GWG—gestational weight gain; n.s.—nonsignificant; N = number of cases.