Table 3.
Summary of the primary outcome. RTW: return to work; CBT: cognitive-behavioral therapy; PEMF: Pulsed Electro Magnetic Fields.
| Outcome/Diseases | Intervention | Study n |
Participants n |
Statistical method | Effect size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. RTW (lasting RTW, RTW rate, RTW percentage, employment rate, work resumed) | 5 | ||||
| 1.1. Adjustment disorder | Work focused CBT | 1 | 163 | Hazard Ratio (95% CI) | 1.7 (1.01 to 2.44) |
| 1.2. Work-related chronic stress | PEMF | 1 | 84 | Mean difference p-value | 0.92 |
| 1.3. Stroke | Work place intervention | 1 | 80 | Odds ratio (95% CI) | 5.2 (1.8 to 15.0) |
| 1.4. Long-term mental illness | Supported employment program | 1 | 92 | Odds ratio (95% CI) | 5.63 (2.28 to 13.84) |
| 1.5. Isthmic spondylolisthesis | Three different rehabilitation programs | 1 | 90 | Mean difference p-value | 0.04 |
| 2. Work ability | 4 | ||||
| 2.1. Chronic low back pain | 2.1.1. Functional restoration program | 2 | 99 | Mean difference p-value | 0.64 |
| 2.1.2 Vocational rehabilitation | 56 | Mean difference p-value | 0.005 | ||
| 2.2. Chronic rheumatic disease | Job-retention vocational rehabilitation program | 1 | 140 | Mean difference p-value | 0.13 |
| 2.3. Different diseases | Phone-based coaching | 1 | 59 | Pre-mean (SD) | 3.39 (0.75) |
| Post-mean (SD) | 3.82 (0.39) | ||||
| 3. Sick leave until full RTW, long-term sick leave, sickness absence | 4 | ||||
| 3.1. Stress related mental disease | 1 | 433 | Hazard Ratio (95% CI) | 1.06 (0.87 to 1.29) | |
| 3.2. Chronic low back pain | 3.2.1. Different intervention (behavioral oriented physiotherapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, behavioral medicine rehabilitation) using a psychosocial subgroup | 2 | |||
| 194 | mean difference, (95% CI) | BM: −16.08, (−38.0 to 5.8) PT: −0.55, (−22.5 to 21.4), CBT: −7.79, (−26.9 to 11.3) |
|||
| 3.2.2. Workplace and patient-oriented interventions | 134 | Hazard Ratio (95% CI) | 1.9 (1.2 to2.8) | ||
| 3.3. Spinal pain | Cognitive behavioral intervention and two forms of information | 1 | 243 | Mean difference p-value | <0.05, RR = 9.3 |