Table 1.

Subsequent Study Phases and Procedures in Each Phase of Scale Development.

Drafting phase	Pilot study	Feedback study	Test–retest study
Expert panel convened Literature search and review Brain-storming to find relevant items and creation of the initial scale Condensing of the initial draft scale Test interviews among volunteers Expert panel created a 24-item draft scale	Convenience sample recruited from different sources Occupational therapist evaluated participants Participants responded to interview or postal questionnaire Participant and interviewer feedback collected Validation against external evaluation and self-reports Item response analysis The draft scale condensed to 15 items (pilot scale)	Two focus groups recruited Focus groups gave feedback on the pilot scale Focus group suggested items they perceived as missing from the pilot scale Expert panel analyzed interviewer and participant feedback from focus groups and pilot study Expert panel agreed on the final 17-item scale	Convenience sample recruited from different contexts Participants responded to the final 17-item scale by postal questionnaire twice 2 weeks apart Test–retest reliability assessed The 17-item final scale remained unchanged