Table 3.
Details of genome-editing efforts performed to make site specific mutations in important genes in tomato.
| Tomato Variety/Cultivar | Target Gene | Cas9 Promoter | Transformation Method; Vector | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| cv. M82 | ARGONAUTE7 (SlAGO7) | U6 promoter |
Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated; pAGM4723 |
First leaves of mutant plants having leaflets without petioles and later-formed leaves lacking laminae |
[7] |
| Solanum lycopersicum var. M82 | SHORT-ROOT (SHR) and SCARECROW (SCR) | 35S promoter | A. rhizogenes transformation; pK7m24GW vector | Demonstrates that SHORT-ROOT and SCARECROW gene function is conserved between Arabidopsis and tomato | [45] |
| cv. M82 | SlCLV3 | 35S promoter | Agrobacterium-mediated; pSC-A-amp/kan vector | Increased fruit size | [46] |
| cv. Micro-Tom | ANT1 | 35S promoter | A. tumefaciens-mediated; pCAMBIA1300 | Resulted in intensely purple plant tissue | [38] |
| cv. Ailsa Craig | Ripening regulator, RIN | PcUbi4-2 |
Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated; pUC19_AtU6 oligo |
Incomplete-ripening fruits were produced and confirming the important role of RIN in ripening | [47] |
| cv. Micro-Tom |
SlPDS and SlPIF4 |
CaMV 35S and AtUBQ promoter |
Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated; AtU6-sgRNA-AtUBQ-Cas9 and AtU6-sgRNA-2 × CaMV 35S-Cas9 |
Clear albino phenotypes for psd mutants | [48] |
| cv. M82 | SlBOP | 35S promoter | Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated; pSC-A-amp/kan vector | Causes pleiotropic defects, most notably simplification of inflorescences into single flowers, resembling tmf mutants | [49] |
| cv. Micro-Tom | DELLA and ETR1 | AtU6 promoter |
Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated; pZK_FFCas9 and pUC19_AtU6oligo |
Generated marker-free plants with homozygous heritable DNA substitutions |
[43] |
| S. lycopersicum line FL8000 | SlDMR6-1 | 2 × 35S promoter | A. tumefaciens-mediated; pPZP200 | Confers broad-spectrum disease resistance | [50,51] |
| cv. M82 (LA3475) and single flower truss (sft-7187) | SELF-PRUNING 5G (SP5G) | 35S promoter | Agrobacterium tumefaciens–mediated; Level 1 vector, pICH47751 and pICH47761and level 2 vector pAGM4723 | Rapid flowering and enhance the compact determinate growth habit of field tomatoes | [52] |
| GCR758, a derivative of tomato cultivar Moneymaker | slmlo1 | U6 promoter | A. tumefaciens-mediated; pAGM4723 | Developed transgene-free powdery mildew resistant tomato variety, ‘Tomelo’ | [53] |
| cv. Ailsa Craig | SlMAPK3 | Ubi-H promoter | Agrobacterium -mediated cotyledon transformation; pYLCRISPR/Cas9 vector | Suggests that SlMAPK3 is involved in drought response in tomato plants | [54] |
| cv. M82 | SlAGL6 | Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated; pRCS binary vector | Mutant is capable of fruit production under heat stress conditions | [55] | |
| cv. Micro-Tom | SlGAD2 and SlGAD3 | AtU6 promoter | Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated; pZD_ AtU6_Hpger_Cas9_NPTII and pDeCas9_Kan | Increased GABA accumulation by 7 to 15 fold | [56] |
| cv. M82 | ALC gene | 35S promoter | Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated; pCAM1301 | Recessive homozygous breeding elites with the character of long-shelf life were generated | [57] |
| cv. Micro-Tom and Ailsa Craig | SlIAA9 | 2 × CaMV35S promoter | Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated; pEgP526-2A-GFBSD2 | Morphological changes in leaf shape and seedless fruit | [51] |
| cv. Ailsa Craig (AC) and cv. Micro-Tom (MT) | Phytoene desaturase | Ubi promoter | Agrobacterium-mediated; pYLCRISPR/Cas9-slyPDS and -GABA vector | GABA accumulation enhance in both leaves and fruits | [58] |