Fig. 7.

Kynurenic acid reverses the cardiovascular response to picrotoxin. Time course of changes in heart rate (HR; beats/min; top) and mean arterial pressure (MAP; mmHg; bottom) in conscious, chronically instrumented rats after bilateral, intra-amygdalar injection of picrotoxin (Picro; 100 pmol) without further treatment and picrotoxin followed by injection of xanthurenic acid (XAN; 10 nmol) or kynurenic acid (KYN; 10 nmol). The changes in HR and MAP for Picro + KYN are significantly different compared with Picro alone and Picro with XAN. Picro only, n = 4; all others,n = 3. HR: F(2,7) = 22.74; MAP: F(2,7) = 14.60.