Fig. 3.

Traumatic brain injury decreases wakefulness and increases non-rapid eye movement sleep. Percentage of time spent in wakefulness (WAKE), non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, and rapid eye movement (REM) was determined during the 12 h light and 12 h dark period 7 days and 15 days after control surgeries (sham, n=7), or after mild (0.5 mm controlled cortical impact depth, n=10), and moderate (1 mm controlled cortical impact depth, n=6) traumatic brain injury. Values are means (±SEM) expressed as change in percent recording time relative to undisturbed baseline (represented as the zero line). Statistically significant differences are indicated as: *=p<0.05 vs. sham (control); #=p<0.05 vs. mild TBI. Statistical trends for differences between moderate TBI and sham (control) are given in parentheses.