Figure 1.

Morphological and microscopic comparison between tetraploid and diploid. (a) Ploidy level of diploid and tetraploid plants, as determined by FCM (flow cytometry) and chromosome counting. Upper: diploid, bottom: tetraploid. Bar = 10 μm. (b–f) Plant morphology (b), plant height (c, n = 12), leaf morphology (d), leaf width (e, n = 20) and leaf thickness (f, n = 20) in 4‐month‐old diploid and tetraploids. (g) Stomatal density (n = 20). (h) Scanning electronic microscopic observation of stomata in diploid and tetraploid leaves. (i) Microscopic observation using cross sections of diploid and tetraploid leaves. Error bars indicate SE. Asterisks indicate significant differences between diploid and tetraploid (** P < 0.01; *** P < 0.001).