Table 1:

Prevalence of a self-reported lifetime episode of infertility¹ among sexually-experienced women aged 18–49 years, by selected characteristics, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2013–2016 (N=2,626²)

Characteristic	Category	Sample size	Weighted prevalence3 (%)	Weighted prevalence3 (%) 95% CI4	Weighted prevalence ratio3,5	Weighted prevalence ratio3,5 95% CI4
TOTAL		2,626	13.8	12.3–15.3
Age (years)	18–29	960	6.4	4.8–8.0	REF	REF
	30–39	799	14.8	12.2–17.3	2.3	1.7–3.2
	40–49	867	20.8	17.2–24.4	3.3	2.3–4.5
Race and Hispanic ethnicity	Non-Hispanic white	904	15.4	13.0–17.8	REF	REF
	Non-Hispanic black	575	12.9	10.3–15.5	0.8	0.7–1.1
	Hispanic6	756	10.9	8.7–13.1	0.7	0.5–1.0
	Non-Hispanic Asian	274	10.4	6.7–14.1	0.7	0.5–1.0
	Other or Multi-racial	117	11.4	5.3–17.6	0.7	0.4–1.3
Ratio of family income to poverty level7	<1.5	1012	11.3	8.8–13.8	REF	REF
	1.5–3	618	13.9	10.7–17.1	1.2	0.9–1.7
	>=3	820	16.3	13.7–18.8	1.4	1.1–2.0
Marital status	Never married	641	6.1	4.6–7.7	REF	REF
	Divorced, widowed, separated	331	14.1	8.6–19.5	2.3	1.4–3.8
	Married	1454	17.4	15.0–19.8	2.8	2.1–3.9
Education	< High school	459	9.5	6.4–12.6	0.6	0.4–0.9
	High school graduate/General education diploma	535	12.6	9.6–15.5	0.8	0.6–1.1
	Some college/Associate’s degree	926	14.9	12.7–17.1	1.0	0.8–1.3
	> College graduate	706	15.0	12.0–18.0	REF	REF
Ever had PID8 treatment	Yes	122	24.2	16.2–32.2	1.8	1.2–2.7
	No	2485	13.3	11.6–15.0	REF	REF
Previous STD9 diagnosis	Yes	441	17.1	13.1–21.1	1.3	1.0–1.8
	No	2182	13.0	11.2–14.7	REF	REF
Told had chlamydia in past 12 months10	Yes	53	17.0	1.0–33.0	1.2	0.5–3.1
	No	2568	13.8	12.3–15.2	REF	REF
Told had gonorrhea in past 12 months	Yes	7	NA	NA	NA	NA
	No	2615	NA	NA	NA	NA
Urine Chlamydia NAAT11 result10	Positive	45	7.9	0.4–15.5	0.8	0.3–2.0
	Negative	1689	10.4	9.0–11.8	REF	REF
Urine Trichomonas NAAT11 result	Positive	96	19.9	9.6–30.1	1.5	0.8–2.6
	Negative	2494	13.7	12.1–15.4	REF	REF
Ever pregnant	Yes	1902	16.7	14.6–18.8	2.4	1.7–3.3
	No	522	7.0	5.1–9.0	REF	REF
Ever used birth control pills	Yes	1804	14.9	13.3–16.6	1.4	1.1–2.0
	No	821	10.3	7.2–13.4	REF	REF

¹Prevalence estimates based on response to the question “Have you … ever been to a doctor or other medical provider because you have … been unable to become pregnant?”

²Variables with missing data include: Ratio of family income to poverty level (n=176); Marital status (n=200); ever had PID treatment (n=19); previous STD diagnosis (n=3); told had chlamydia in past 12 months (n=5); told had gonorrhea in past 12 months (n=4); urine chlamydia NAAT (n=892); urine trichomonas NAAT (n=36); ever pregnant (n=202); ever used birth control (n=1)

³Estimates were weighted to be nationally representative of the U.S. population, accounting for unequal probabilities of selection and nonresponse

⁴CI: Confidence interval

⁵Respondents with missing or unknown values were excluded from prevalence ratio calculations

⁶Hispanic ethnicity includes Mexican American and other Hispanic ethnicity

⁷Poverty level as defined by the Department of Health and Human Services

⁸PID: Pelvic inflammatory disease

⁹Previous STD (Sexually transmitted disease) includes chlamydia or gonorrhea in the last 12 months or ever being told of a herpes, genital warts, or human papillomavirus diagnosis

¹⁰Relative standard error is > 30% and <50%

¹¹NAAT: Nucleic acid amplification test