Fig. 3.
Increase of excitability of PMNs by 1S,3R-ACPD.A, 1S,3R-ACPD (200 μm, local) depolarized PMNs and increased the number of action potentials during the inspiratory phase. The insets are traces with expanded time scale. Vm, Membrane potential recorded under current-clamp conditions. B, 1S,3R-ACPD enhanced repetitive firing of the PMN in response to injected current pulses (Istim; 0.4 nA, 1 sec; bottom trace) during the expiratory phase. Dotted linesindicate baseline under control conditions. Resting (end-expiratory) membrane potential, −68 mV.