Table 1.
Baseline patient characteristics by prior PCI
| All patients (N=1212) |
No prior PCI (N=1056) |
Prior PCI (N=156) |
p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 60 (54, 67) | 60 (54, 67) | 59 (54, 67) | 0.518 |
| Female sex | 148 (12.2%) | 123 (11.6%) | 25 (16.0%) | 0.119 |
| Race | <0.001 | |||
| White | 827 (68.2%) | 698 (66.1%) | 129 (82.7%) | |
| Black | 31 (2.6%) | 26 (2.5%) | 5 (3.2%) | |
| Asian | 209 (17.2%) | 193 (18.3%) | 16 (10.3%) | |
| Other | 145 (12.0%) | 139 (13.2%) | 6 (3.8%) | |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 26.8 (24.0, 29.8) | 26.7 (23.9, 29.7) | 27.8 (24.4, 30.2) | 0.059 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 120 (110, 130) | 120 (110, 130) | 120 (108, 130) | 0.019 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 78 (70, 80) | 80 (70, 80) | 75 (68, 80) | 0.072 |
| Heart rate (bpm) | 74 (66, 82) | 74 (66, 81) | 72 (66, 84) | 0.828 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 13.9 (12.7, 14.9) | 13.9 (12.7, 14.9) | 13.9 (12.7, 14.7) | 0.213 |
| Cockcroft-Gault creatinine clearance (mg/dL) | 76.5 (60.5, 95.9) | 76.1 (60.4, 94.8) | 80.1 (61.7, 104.8) | 0.119 |
| LVEF | 28 (22, 34) | 28 (23, 34) | 26 (21, 33) | 0.197 |
| ESVI (mL/m2) | 78.0 (60.9, 99.1) | 77.8 (60.6, 99.1) | 80.4 (61.6, 99.0) | 0.495 |
| Diabetes | 478 (39.4%) | 415 (39.3%) | 63 (40.4%) | 0.796 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 730 (60.3%) | 623 (59.1%) | 107 (68.6%) | 0.024 |
| Hypertension | 728 (60.1%) | 628 (59.5%) | 100 (64.1%) | 0.270 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 184 (15.2%) | 166 (15.7%) | 18 (11.5%) | 0.174 |
| Myocardial infarction | 934 (77.1%) | 799 (75.7%) | 135 (86.5%) | 0.003 |
| Stroke | 92 (7.6%) | 80 (7.6%) | 12 (7.7%) | 0.959 |
| Moderate or severe mitral regurgitation | 220 (18.2%) | 179 (17.0%) | 41 (26.3%) | 0.005 |
| Prior ICD | 29 (2.4%) | 20 (1.9%) | 9 (5.8%) | 0.008 |
| Prior CABG | 36 (3.0%) | 29 (2.7%) | 7 (4.5%) | 0.212 |
| Atrial fibrillation or flutter | 153 (12.6%) | 131 (12.4%) | 22 (14.1%) | 0.551 |
| Current smoking | 252 (20.8%) | 219 (20.8%) | 33 (21.2%) | 0.910 |
| CCS angina class | 0.006 | |||
| 0 | 442 (36.5%) | 383 (36.3%) | 59 (37.8%) | |
| I | 187 (15.4%) | 167 (15.8%) | 20 (12.8%) | |
| II | 525 (43.3%) | 464 (43.9%) | 61 (39.1%) | |
| III | 48 (4.0%) | 36 (3.4%) | 12 (7.7%) | |
| IV | 10 (0.8%) | 6 (0.6%) | 4 (2.6%) | |
| NYHA class | 0.356 | |||
| I | 139 (11.5%) | 121 (11.5%) | 18 (11.5%) | |
| II | 626 (51.7%) | 547 (51.8%) | 79 (50.6%) | |
| III | 412 (34.0%) | 361 (34.2%) | 51 (32.7%) | |
| IV | 35 (2.9%) | 27 (2.6%) | 8 (5.1%) | |
| Baseline medications | ||||
| ACE inhibitor or ARB | 1085 (89.5%) | 938 (88.8%) | 147 (94.2%) | 0.040 |
| Beta blocker | 1036 (85.5%) | 898 (85.0%) | 138 (88.5%) | 0.257 |
| Aspirin | 1002 (82.7%) | 874 (82.8%) | 128 (82.1%) | 0.826 |
| Clopidogrel | 208 (17.2%) | 176 (16.7%) | 32 (20.5%) | 0.234 |
| Antiarrhythmic (including amiodarone) | 128 (10.6%) | 112 (10.6%) | 16 (10.3%) | 0.894 |
| Digoxin | 245 (20.2%) | 215 (20.4%) | 30 (19.2%) | 0.743 |
| Insulin | 197 (16.3%) | 168 (15.9%) | 29 (18.6%) | 0.397 |
| Oral diabetic agent | 286 (23.6%) | 252 (23.9%) | 34 (21.8%) | 0.570 |
| Nitrate | 646 (53.3%) | 562 (53.2%) | 84 (54.2%) | 0.820 |
| Statin | 983 (81.1%) | 847 (80.2%) | 136 (87.2%) | 0.038 |
| Warfarin | 127 (10.5%) | 111 (10.5%) | 16 (10.3%) | 0.923 |
| Diuretic-loop thiazide | 791 (65.3%) | 700 (66.3%) | 91 (58.7%) | 0.064 |
| Diuretic-potassium sparing | 556 (45.9%) | 473 (44.8%) | 83 (53.2%) | 0.049 |
| Coronary anatomy | 0.046 | |||
| Number of diseased vessels (75%) | ||||
| 0 | 25 (2.1%) | 19 (1.8%) | 6 (3.9%) | |
| 1 | 282 (23.3%) | 243 (23.0%) | 39 (25.2%) | |
| 2 | 462 (38.2%) | 395 (37.4%) | 67 (43.2%) | |
| 3 | 442 (36.5%) | 399 (37.8%) | 43 (27.7%) | |
| Left main stenosis > 50% | 32 (2.6%) | 28 (2.7%) | 4 (2.6%) | 1.000 |
| Proximal LAD stenosis > 75% | 826 (68.2%) | 734 (69.5%) | 92 (59.4%) | 0.011 |
| Surgical characteristics in those randomized to and received surgery | N=555 | N=485 | N=70 | |
| Number of conduits | 0.399 | |||
| 1 | 69 (12.4%) | 63 (13.0%) | 6 (8.6%) | |
| 2 | 175 (31.5%) | 148 (30.5%) | 27 (38.6%) | |
| 3 | 236 (42.5%) | 206 (42.5%) | 30 (42.9%) | |
| >3 | 75 (13.5%) | 68 (14.0%) | 7 (10.0%) | |
| Number of arterial conduits | 0.819 | |||
| 0 | 50 (9.0%) | 44 (9.1%) | 6 (8.6%) | |
| 1 | 446 (80.4%) | 388 (80.0%) | 58 (82.9%) | |
| >1 | 59 (10.6%) | 53 (10.9%) | 6 (8.6%) | |
| Number of distal anastomoses | 0.312 | |||
| 0 | 7 (1.3%) | 5 (1.0%) | 2 (2.9%) | |
| 1 | 63 (11.4%) | 57 (11.8%) | 6 (8.7%) | |
| 2 | 128 (23.1%) | 109 (22.5%) | 19 (27.5%) | |
| 3 | 221 (39.9%) | 192 (39.6%) | 29 (42.0%) | |
| 4 | 98 (17.7%) | 91 (18.8%) | 7 (10.1%) | |
| >4 | 37 (6.7%) | 31 (6.4%) | 6 (8.7%) |
LVEF=left ventricular ejection fraction; ESVI=end systolic volume index; ICD=internal cardiac defibrillator; CABG=coronary artery bypass graft; CCS=Canadian Cardiovascular Society; NYHA=New York Heart Association; ACE=angiotensin converting enzyme; ARB=angiotensin receptor blocker; LAD=left anterior descending artery.