Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of Randomized Participants by Primary Substance Subgroups
| Characteristic | Cigarettes (N = 251) |
Alcohol (N=51) |
Illicit Drugsa (N = 137) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age in years, mean (SD) | 34 (11) | 36 (12) | 35 (11) |
| Race/Ethnicity, N (%) | |||
| African-American, non-Hispanic | 151 (60) | 41 (80) | 101 (74) |
| Caucasian-American, non-Hispanic | 41 (16) | 4 (8) | 13 (9) |
| Hispanic-American | 44 (18) | 5 (10) | 16 (12) |
| Other Race/Ethnicityb | 15 (6) | 1 (2) | 7 (5) |
| Marital Status, N (%) | |||
| Married / living with partner | 120 (48) | 21 (41) | 56 (41) |
| Other living situation | 131 (52) | 30 (59) | 81 (59) |
| Pregnant, N (%) | 58 (23) | 2 (4) | 20 (15) |
| Education, N (%)c | |||
| Some high school or less | 78 (31) | 18 (35) | 50 (37) |
| High school graduate | 99 (40) | 24 (47) | 58 (43) |
| Beyond high school | 73 (29) | 9 (18) | 28 (21) |
| Employment status, N (%) | |||
| Full time | 43 (17) | 8 (16) | 15 (11) |
| Part time | 52 (21) | 12 (24) | 18 (13) |
| Not working | 156 (62) | 31 (61) | 104 (76) |
| Days/month using primary substance, mean (SD) | 27 (4) | 18 (9) | 20 (10) |
| ASSIST primary substance score, mean (SD)d | 21 (7) | 25 (9) | 23 (10) |
| Secondary Substance Subgroups, N (%)e | |||
| Nicotinef | 247 (98) | 24 (47) | 93 (68) |
| Alcoholg | 57 (23) | 48 (94) | 60 (44) |
| Illicit Drugsh | 78 (31) | 21 (41) | 136 (99) |
| Treatment group, N (%) | |||
| Enhanced Usual Care | 90 (36) | 13 (25) | 48 (35) |
| e-SBIRT | 80 (32) | 23 (45) | 40 (29) |
| SBIRT | 81 (32) | 15 (29) | 49 (36) |
Abbreviations: SD, standard deviation; e-SBIRT, electronically-delivered Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment; SBIRT, clinician-delivered Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment; EUC, Enhanced Usual Care; ASSIST, Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Involvement Screening Test;
Includes cannabis (n=90), cocaine (n=38), opiates (n=4), phencyclidine (n=3), benzodiazepines/sedatives (n=2);
Includes multiracial (n=16), Native American (n=5), Pacific Islander (n=1), and Romanian (n=1);
N=2 women missing education data;
Possible range of scores is 0 to 39 with higher scores indicating riskier use;
Some participants met at-risk criteria for more than one substance so column totals are greater than group sample size;
≥1 cigarette/day on average in past 30 days;
>3 drinks/day or >7 drinks/week in past 28 days;
any illicit drug use in past 28 days