Table 3.
Experienced burdens living with service dogs in each group.
|
1. Training background Self/professional |
2. Level of disabilities (mobility service dog) ADL scores I/II/III |
3. Types of service dogs Mobility/medical/psychiatric service dogs |
||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| % people felt burdened at any level (% people felt burdened a lot) | Pro | Self | Activity of daily living (ADL) score |
Mobility SD/only mobility disability (n = 103) |
Medical SD/only medical disability (n = 25) |
Psychiatric SD/only psychiatric disability (n = 38) |
p | |||||
| (n = 73) |
Immature (n = 33) |
Mature (n = 43) |
p |
I: 0–60 (n = 30) |
II: 61–90 (n = 44) |
III: 91–100 (n = 29) |
p | |||||
| Poor matching | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | – | 4.5 (0.0) | 0.0 | 5.0 (0.0) | – | 2.8 (0.0) | 5.3 (0.0) | 4.3 (0.0) | – |
| Allergy/asthma | 8.3 (0.0) | 3.7 (0.0) | 10.7 (0.0) | – | 9.5 (0.0) | 9.1 (0.0) | 15.4 (0.0) | – | 11.3 (0.0) | 15.0 (0.0) | 3.2 (0.0) | – |
| Lack of skill for assistance | 8.8 (0.0) | 23.1 (0.0) | 12.9 (0.0) | – | 8.7 (0.0) | 6.0 (3.0) | 13.0 (0.0) | – | 8.9 (1.3) | 9.5 (0.0) | 26.1 (0.0) | – |
| Daily care | 13.6 (1.5) | 3.7 (0.0) | 10.8 (0.0) | – | 25.0 (0.0) | 8.1 (0.0) | 11.5 (3.8) | – | 14.3 (1.1) | 0.0 | 17.1 (0.0) | – |
| Responsibility | 14.9 (0.0) | 16.7 (3.3) | 13.9 (2.8) | – | 17.9 (3.6) | 18.4 (2.6) | 7.7 (0.0) | – | 15.2 (2.2) | 16.7 (0.0) | 17.1 (2.9) | – |
| Team up | 26.9 (3.0) | 24.1 (0.0) | 18.2 (0.0) | – | 35.7 (0.0) | 16.2 (2.7) | 11.5 (3.8) | – | 20.9 (2.2) | 34.8 (0.0) | 34.3 (2.9) | – |
| Negative effect on family | 5.0 (0.0) | 31.0 (0.0) | 19.4 (3.2) | a | 16.0 (4.0) | 17.6 (0.0) | 24.0 (0.0) | – | 19.0 (1.2) | 13.6 (4.5) | 26.7 (3.3) | – |
| Ignore commands | 13.1 (0.0) | 32.0 (0.0) | 22.6 (0.0) | – | 25.9 (0.0) | 20.7 (0.0) | 20.0 (0.0) | – | 22.2 (0.0) | 21.7 (0.0) | 25.0 (0.0) | – |
| Team training | 31.3 (9.0) | 42.1 (0.0) | 25.8 (0.0) | – | 38.5 (0.0) | 24.2 (9.1) | 25.0 (6.3) | – | 29.3 (5.3) | 25.0 (0.0) | 38.9 (5.6) | – |
| Daily training | 26.2 (2.4) | 43.3 (0.0) | 25.8 (0.0) | – | 22.2 (0.0) | 28.6 (2.9) | 25.0 (0.0) | – | 25.6 (1.2) | 22.7 (0.0) | 44.8 (0.0) | – |
| Disease | 28.0 (4.0) | 30.4 (0.0) | 6.5 (0.0) | – | 58.3 (16.7) | 20.7 (6.9) | 16.0 (4.0) | f | 30.8 (9.0) | 31.6 (0.0) | 35.5 (6.5) | – |
| House cleaning | 25.0 (1.7) | 14.3 (0.0) | 40.5 (2.7) | – | 24.0 (0.0) | 42.9 (2.9) | 28.0 (0.0) | – | 32.9 (1.2) | 30.4 (4.3) | 18.2 (0.0) | – |
| Behavior problems | 18.6 (0.0) | 53.8 (0.0) | 19.4 (0.0) | b | 25.0 (0.0) | 31.4 (0.0) | 20.8 (0.0) | – | 26.5 (0.0) | 40.9 (0.0) | 41.9 (0.0) | – |
| Physical maintenance | 33.9 (6.5) | 34.5 (0.0) | 30.6 (2.8) | – | 38.5 (3.8) | 41.7 (2.8) | 34.6 (3.8) | – | 38.6 (3.4) | 29.2 (0.0) | 28.6 (0.0) | – |
| Travel arrangement | 34.4 (3.3) | 66.7 (6.7) | 57.1 (2.9) | c | 42.3 (0.0) | 38.2 (2.9) | 40.7 (7.4) | – | 40.2 (3.4) | 52.2 (8.7) | 54.5 (0.0) | – |
| Expense | 42.4 (1.5) | 38.7 (0.0) | 57.9 (2.6) | – | 50.0 (3.6) | 43.2 (2.7) | 44.4 (3.7) | – | 45.7 (3.3) | 41.7 (4.2) | 61.1 (5.6) | – |
| Public access | 52.3 (0.0) | 50.0 (10.0) | 70.3 (8.1) | d | 46.4 (0.0) | 45.9 (5.4) | 68.0 (8.0) | – | 52.2 (4.4) | 66.7 (8.3) | 62.9 (8.6) | – |
| Unwanted attention | 53.7 (7.5) | 70.0 (6.7) | 67.6 (29.7) | e | 46.4 (10.7) | 60.5 (13.2) | 69.2 (15.4) | – | 58.7 (13.0) | 52.2 (17.4) | 83.3 (13.9) | g |
| Death | 65.4 (21.2) | 66.7 (25.9) | 88.6 (45.7) | – | 85.2 (33.3) | 65.5 (34.5) | 58.3 (37.5) | – | 70.0 (35.0) | 75.0 (20.0) | 77.8 (27.8) | – |
| Petting by strangers | 81.8 (13.6) | 80.0 (30.0) | 83.8 (27.0) | – | 67.9 (14.3) | 73.0 (21.6) | 84.6 (23.1) | – | 74.7 (19.8) | 97.0 (13.0) | 86.1 (33.3) | — |
Numbers show percentages of partners who felt burdened at any level with each item. The numbers in parenthesis show percentages of partners who felt burdened a lot with each item. The p-value is not reported if > 0.05.
a: X2(6) = 16.6, p = 0.014, Cramer's V = 0.26, Radj: immature SelfSD-no (−2.8); immature SelfSD-yes, a little (3.3); pro-no (3.1); pro-yes, a little (−2.6)
b: X2(4) = 15.2, p = 0.004, Cramer's V = 0.26, Radj: immature SelfSD-no (−3.5); immature SelfSD-yes, a little (2.6); immature SelfSD-yes, a moderately (2.6); pro-no (2.0)
c: X2(6) = 15.9, p = 0.007, Cramer's V = 0.25, Radj: immature SelfSD-no (−2.3); immature SelfSD-yes, a little (2.0); mature SelfSD-yes, moderately (2.7); pro-no (3.0); pro-yes, moderately (−2.5)
d: X2(6) = 14.2, p = 0.027, Cramer's V = 0.23, Radj: immature SelfSD-yes, a little (−2.0); mature SelfSD-no (−1.95); pro-yes, a lot (−2.5); pro-yes, a moderately (−2.0)
e: X2(6) = 18.0, p = 0.006, Cramer's V = 0.26, Radj: immature SelfSD-yes, moderately (2.2); mature SelfSD-yes, a lot (3.4); pro-yes, a lot (−2.0)
f: X2(6) = 16.3, p = 0.012, Cramer's V = 0.40, Radj: I-yes, a lot (−3.5); I-yes, moderately (3.3)
g: X2(6) = 14.7, p = 0.023, Cramer's V = 0.22, Radj: psychiatric-no (−2.8); psychiatric-yes, moderately (3.1).