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. 2019 Jun 12;12:153–159. doi: 10.2147/JIR.S210441

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© 2019 Jiang and Steinle.

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Epac1 regulates PKR in retina and in retinal endothelial cells (REC). Panel A shows that PKR phosphorylation is increased in whole retinal lysates from mice where Epac1 has been eliminated in endothelial cells. Panel C is a control to show that Epac1 is reduced in whole retinal lysates from the retina. Panel B shows that an Epac1 agonist can significantly decrease PKR phosphorylation in REC grown in normal glucose (NG) or high glucose (HG). *P<0.05 vs NG. #P<0.05 vs HG. Data are mean ± SEM. N=5 for retina and N=4 for REC.