Table 1.
Subject Characteristics
| Characteristics | Preintervention | Postintervention | P Value (paired t-test) |
|---|---|---|---|
| n, men, women | (24, 11, 13) | (24, 11, 13) | |
| Age, yr | 65.3 ± 0.9 | ||
| Weight, kg | 98.5 ± 3.1 | 90.5 ± 2.6 | <0.0001 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 35.3 ± 0.9 | 32.3 ± 0.9 | <0.0001 |
| Glucose, mg/dl | 105.6 ± 3.0 | 95.1 ± 2.1 | <0.0001 |
| HbA1C, % | 5.6 ± 0.1 | 5.6 ± 0.1 | 0.26 |
| TG, mg/dl | 140.8 ± 14.6 | 97.6 ± 8.2 | <0.0001 |
| Cholesterol, mg/dl | 199.3 ± 7.8 | 169.5 ± 8.9 | <0.0001 |
| VLDL, mg/dl | 28.2 ± 2.9 | 19.5 ± 1.6 | <0.0001 |
| LDL, mg/dl | 123.4 ± 6.0 | 110.6 ± 5.8 | 0.01 |
| HDL, mg/dl | 47.7 ± 2.8 | 46.0 ± 2.6 | 0.14 |
| V̇o2max, ml·kg−1·min−1 | 20.9 ± 0.8 | 26.5 ± 1.2 | <0.0001 |
| V̇o2max, ml·kg FFM−1·min−1 | 38.1 ± 1.0 | 44.1 ± 1.3 | <0.0001 |
| M/I, mg/kg/min/µUml | 0.03 ± 0.003 | 0.05 ± 0.005 | <0.0001 |
| Basal Rd, mg·kg−1·min−1 | 2.2 ± 0.2 | 1.4 ± 0.3 | <0.001 |
| Insulin-stimulated Rd, mg/kg/min | 2.6 ± 0.3 | 4.1 ± 0.4 | <0.0001 |
| QUICKI index | 0.32 ± 0.004 | 0.33 ± 0.004 | <0.001 |
Values are means ± SE; n = no. of subjects. BMI, body mass index; FFM, fat-free mass; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; M/I, insulin sensitivity assessed using euglycemic clamp; QUICKI, insulin sensitivity index assessed using OGTT; Rd, rate of glucose disposal; TG, triglyceride; V̇o2max, maximal oxygen consumption.