Table 1.

Microbes that may cause gastrointestinal tumors

Tumor	Microbes involved
Esophageal cancer	H. pylori, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Fusobacteria phyla.
Gastric cancer	H. pylori, Porphyromonas, Neisseria, Prevotella pallens, Streptococcus sinensis, Lactobacillus coleohominis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Acinetobacter baumannii
Colorectal cancer	Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Eubacterium rectale, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Fusobacterium
Hepatocellular carcinoma	H. pylori, Escherichia coli
Biliary tract cancer	Pseudomonadaceae, Oxalobacteraceae, Clonorchis sinensis, and Opisthorchis viverrini
Pancreatic cancer	H. pylori

H. pylori: Helicobacter pylori.