Right ventricle stroke volume (RV SV; A), right ventricle cardiac output (RV CO; B), stroke work (SW; C), and end-diastolic pressure-volume relation (EDPVR; D) measurements in the experimental groups. RV function improvement post-mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-seeded bioscaffold treatment is evident. Results are shown as means ± SD; n = 8 for control, pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), and Scaffold+mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) groups, and n = 5 for scaffold only, intravenous (IV) MSC and intramyocardial (IM) MSC groups. *P ≤ 0.05 vs. control; #P ≤ 0.05 vs. PAH; $P ≤ 0.05 vs. scaffold only; &P ≤ 0.05 vs. Scaffold+MSC; +P ≤ 0.05 vs. IV MSC; %P ≤ 0.05 vs. IM MSC.