Figure 1. Neurofilament Light in Cerebrospinal Fluid (cNfL) Levels Across Diagnostic Categories.

A, Levels of cNfL are shown corrected for age and sex. B, Estimated fold changes are compared with healthy controls (HC). AD indicates Alzheimer disease; ALS, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; BD, bipolar disorder; CBS, corticobasal syndrome; CIDP/GBS, chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculopathy and Guillain-Barré syndrome; CIS, clinically isolated syndrome; DLB, dementia with Lewy bodies; DNS, dementia not specified; FTD, frontotemporal dementia; FTD/ALS, combined frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; HD, Huntington disease; iHIV, HIV positive with cognitive impairment; IND, inflammatory neurological disorders other than multiple sclerosis; iNPH, idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus; MCI, mild cognitive impairment; MD, mixed dementia; MSA, multiple system atrophy; NID, noninflammatory neurological disorders; ON, optic neuritis; PD, Parkinson disease; PDD, Parkinson disease dementia; pgFTD, presymptomatic genetic frontotemporal dementia; pHD, premanifest Huntington disease; PPMS, primary progressive multiple sclerosis; PSP, progressive supranuclear palsy; SCD, subjective cognitive decline; SNC, subjective neurological complaint; SPMS, secondary progressive multiple sclerosis; tRRMS, treated relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis; uRRMS, untreated relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis; and VaD, vascular dementia.