Table 1.

Diabetic gastroenteropathy related factors that may influence drug absorption.^55,64–66

GI factors influencing drug absorption	Consequences
Dysmotility (gastroparesis, functional dumping syndrome, diarrhoea and constipation inclusive)	Altered transit time and/or luminal water content
Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth	Altered pH and transit time
Altered secretory function	Reduced or increased luminal water content
Altered enteric microbiota	Altered pH and luminal drug metabolism
Structural remodelling of the wall of the GI tract	Altered intestinal transporters and gut wall metabolism
Reduced microvascular blood flow	Altered absorption to systemic circulation

GI: Gastrointestinal.