Figure 5.

Outputs of the proposed registration pipeline shown for all patients, with additional labeling of DCS sites and delineation of tumor/resection cavity with white dashed line. Each row of images is from the patient indicated on the top left. The first column (preDCS) shows output of pipeline Module 1. For patients P1-P4, fMRI activations of hand motor, and for patient P5 functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) activations of tongue movement (right) and semantic decision tasks (left) are shown on the intraoperative cortical image. The second column (postDCS) shows output of pipeline Module 2, showing fMRI activations overlaid on intraoperative cortical surface with DCS mapping results. The DCS site labels “S,” “H,” “F,” “Ft,” “SA,” “RD,” and “RA” correspond to sites of sensory activation, hand motor, facial twitching, foot motor, speech arrest, reading difficulty, and receptive aphasia, respectively (*marked based on anatomic location).