Table 2.

A summary of the non-coplanar radiotherapy techniques discussed in this review

Technique	Linac geometry	Non-coplanar geometry achieved by	Key references
Non-coplanar intensity modulated radiotherapy	C-arm linac	Multiple static beams defined by linac gantry rotation and patient couch rotation	13–22
Static couch non-coplanar volumetric modulated arc therapy	C-arm linac	One or more arcs, some with a non-zero patient couch rotation	23–27
Coronal VMAT	C-arm linac	One or more arcs achieved with dynamic patient couch rotation but with fixed or limited linac gantry rotation. Trajectories may be manually defined, calculated or optimized.	28–31
Trajectory VMAT	C-arm linac	One or more arcs with dynamic patient couch rotation and dynamic linac gantry rotation. Trajectories may be manually defined, calculated or optimized.	32–44
CyberArc	Robotic arm mounted linac	One or more arcs defined by robotic arm orientation.	45,46
Dynamic Wave Arc	O-ring linac	One or more arcs with dynamic linac gantry rotation around the horizontal and vertical axes. Trajectories may be manually defined, calculated or optimized.	47–50

VMAT, volumetric arc therapy.