Table 1:
Characteristics of visits to EDs by children 0–17 years of age, United States, 2009–2014.
| Characteristic | Average annual number of visits by children, in millions (95% CI) | Percentage of visits by children that resulted in an antibiotic prescription (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|
| Total | 29 (27–32) | 23% (22–24%) |
| Age (years) | ||
| <1 | 3.6 (3.2–4.0) | 22% (20–24%) |
| 1–4 | 9.6 (8.6–10.5) | 29% (27–30%) |
| 5–12 | 9.4 (8.5–10.3) | 23% (22–24%) |
| 13–17 | 6.7 (6.0–7.3) | 17% (16–19%) |
| Gender | ||
| Male | 15.3 (13.9–16.7) | 22% (22–23%) |
| Female | 13.9 (12.6–15.2) | 24% (23–25%) |
| Race | ||
| White | 20.2 (18.2–22.1) | 23% (22–24%) |
| Black | 7.7 (6.6–8.8) | 24% (23–26%) |
| Other | 1.4 (1.1–1.6) | 20% (17–23%) |
| Insurance Status | ||
| Private | 8.7 (7.8–9.6) | 20% (19–21%) |
| Non-private | 18.8 (16.9–20.7) | 25% (24–26%) |
| US Census Region+ | ||
| Northeast | 4.6 (3.9–5.3) | 19% (17–20%) |
| Midwest | 6.5 (5.3–7.6) | 24% (22–25%) |
| South | 12.0 (10.0–14.0) | 25% (24–27%) |
| West | 6.1 (5.0–7.2) | 22% (20–24%) |
| Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA)* | ||
| Non-MSA | 5.0 (3.2–6.9) | 27% (25–29%) |
| MSA | 24.7 (21.5–27.8) | 23% (22–24%) |
| Type of ED | ||
| Non-Pediatric | 25.1 (22.8–27.3) | 24% (23–25%) |
| Pediatric | 4.1 (2.6–5.7) | 20% (17–22%) |
| Advanced Practice Practitioner Present at ED Visit | ||
| No | 23.7 (21.4–26.0) | 23% (22–24%) |
| Yes | 5.3 (4.6–6.0) | 26% (24–28%) |
+
U.S. Census Regions defined by the U.S. Census Bureau20
*
Data on MSA were not publicly available in 2012; therefore, estimates exclude observations from 2012.