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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Magn Reson Imaging. 2019 Mar 23;60:7–19. doi: 10.1016/j.mri.2019.03.017

Fig. 9.

Fig. 9.

Multi-parametric knee maps. An anatomical reference from T1-weighted images (a) with fat signal fraction (FSF) maps from spoiled gradient echo (SPGR) and the proposed MR fingerprinting fat-water separation methods (b) are shown. The T1 maps (c) from fat-suppressed inversion recovery (IR-TFE) are shown next to the MRF fixed TE (MRF-fixTE), MRF variable TR (MRF-varTR) without fat-water separation and the proposed method with fat-water separation using MRF variable TE (MRF-varTE). The fat-suppressed multiple spin-echo (MSE) T2 maps are shown adjacent to the MR-fixTE, MRF-varTR and proposed method acquired with MRF-varTE T2 estimates (d). Parameter maps were masked using the SPGR derived water image and threshold. Bands of lower T1 and higher T2 appear near fat-muscle interfaces in the MRF-fixTE and MRF-varTR parameter maps, which do not account for fat. An arrowhead marks a point on all T1/T2 knee parameter maps where there are multiple fat-muscle interfaces and the banding effect is pronounced.