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. 2018 Oct 23;43(3):368–376. doi: 10.4093/dmj.2018.0066

Table 2. Correlation analysis between serum RSPO1 level and diverse parameters in relation to obesity and DM.

All participants (n=123) Non-DM subjects (n=79) Non-obese subjects (n=45) Obese subjects (n=34) DM patients (n=43)
ra P value ra P value ra P value ra P value ra P value
BMI 0.244 0.010b 0.343 0.005b 0.242 0.014b 0.407 0.017b 0.084 0.593
Fasting glucose 0.108 0.237 −0.058 0.612 0.161 0.291 0.056 0.751 0.035 0.825
Fasting insulin 0.155 0.088 0.256 0.023b 0.033 0.831 0.265 0.129 −0.156 0.319
Fasting C-peptide 0.244 0.007c 0.266 0.019b 0.062 0.688 0.347 0.048b 0.016 0.920
Post-load 2-hr glucose 0.194 0.039b 0.102 0.378 0.002 0.989 −0.067 0.928 0.029 0.863
Post-load 2-hr insulin 0.157 0.093 0.185 0.103 0.144 0.345 −0.201 0.254 0.085 0.623
Post-load 2-hr C-peptide 0.167 0.079 0.175 0.131 <0.001 0.998 0.294 0.097 0.164 0.345
HbA1c 0.098 0.285 0.025 0.829 0.032 0.836 0.005 0.980 −0.165 0.634
HOMA-IR 0.311 0.001c 0.367 0.001b 0.203 0.180 0.274 0.117 0.001 0.995
HOMA-β 0.100 0.271 0.238 0.035b 0.087 0.568 0.184 0.298 −0.087 0.579
TG 0.198 0.031b 0.205 0.074 0.013 0.934 0.295 0.102 0.052 0.745
TC 0.115 0.213 0.096 0.406 0.039 0.799 0.002 0.991 0.048 0.762
LDL-C 0.153 0.099 0.119 0.306 0.074 0.630 0.011 0.953 0.107 0.501
HDL-C −0.199 0.032b −0.253 0.027b −0.153 0.315 −0.306 0.094 0.106 0.509
Apo-lipoprotein A −0.222 0.187 −0.134 0.573 −0.366 0.244 −0.024 0.955 −0.405 0.107
Apo-lipoprotein B 0.456 0.005c 0.374 0.104 0.200 0.534 0.714 0.047b 0.171 0.513
AST 0.106 0.248 0.214 0.060 −0.001 0.995 0.327 0.064 −0.187 0.236
ALT 0.234 0.010b 0.268 0.018b 0.052 0.708 0.377 0.031b −0.050 0.755
hsCRP 0.320 0.004c 0.300 0.015b 0.505 0.104 0.354 0.044b −0.155 0.614

RSPO1, R-spondin 1; DM, diabetes mellitus; BMI, body mass index; HbA1c, glycosylated hemoglobin; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; HOMA-β, homeostasis model assessment of β-cell; TG, triglyceride; TC, total cholesterol; LDL-C, low density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; hsCRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein.

aCoefficients (r) were calculated using Spearman's method, bP<0.05, cP<0.01.